Pregnancy and threat of miscarriage. How to prevent the threat of miscarriage? Timing of threat of miscarriage

Spontaneous termination of pregnancy in the early stages (up to 12 weeks) is called miscarriage, or spontaneous abortion. Often a woman loses her baby at a time when she does not even suspect that she is pregnant. In this case, she may not understand the essence of the changes occurring in the body. Not all women come to see a gynecologist after an early miscarriage.

Knowing the signs of miscarriage in the early stages of pregnancy will help the expectant mother consult a doctor in a timely manner and, possibly, save the unborn child.

Possible reasons for termination of pregnancy

The causes of spontaneous abortion are varied. According to statistics, termination of pregnancy is most often associated with disturbances in the process of formation and development of the fetus.

• One of the main reasons is genetic disorders that provoke the formation of fetal malformations. And in this case, spontaneous abortion is very likely. Miscarriage due to genetic “breakage” most often occurs within 6-7 weeks.
• Infection can also cause miscarriage (for example, genitourinary tract infection). With infections, miscarriage most often occurs at 6-9 weeks.
• Even general diseases, kidney or heart disease, can significantly complicate both the process of conception and the pregnancy itself, and cause its termination at any stage.
• Often the cause is Rh conflict. If a woman with a negative Rh factor has formed a fetus with a positive Rh factor, the immune system of the expectant mother can begin to fight against the “foreign body”. But it is worth considering that most often this pathology occurs if a woman has previously had an abortion or childbirth.
• An imbalance in a woman's hormonal balance can also cause spontaneous abortion. Often miscarriages are the result of a lack of progesterone and an excess of male sex hormones (androgens); dysfunction of the thyroid gland or adrenal glands.

• Atypical or abnormal structure of the genital organs is also a cause of possible termination of pregnancy. For example, the bicornuate shape of the uterus or the location of the septum in its cavity is often combined with insufficient production of sex hormones and subsequently causes inferior functioning of the myometrium, and this already threatens spontaneous abortion. And if the uterus has the shape of a horn, then this significantly increases the likelihood of bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy.
• An invasive test, such as amniocentesis, can also cause a miscarriage. Such methods for diagnosing the condition of the fetus are used extremely rarely and only with strict indications for use.
• Thrombophilia (predisposition to the development of thrombosis) can cause termination of pregnancy (usually at 10-16 weeks). Currently, despite the prevalence of this cause of miscarriage, there are methods to combat this problem.
• Spontaneous abortion is also possible due to injury. Brain injuries, in particular concussions, abdominal and perineal injuries, are considered especially dangerous.
• Another reason for spontaneous abortion is isthmic-cervical insufficiency. In this case, the cervix dilates independently and prematurely. If this pathology is not diagnosed in time, it becomes the cause of miscarriage at 16-24 weeks. ICI is formed if the cervix was injured during a previous birth, as well as if injury occurred during an abortion or curettage of the uterine cavity.

• The emotional state of a pregnant woman has no less influence on the developing child. In a prolonged stressful situation, threatening abortion becomes a real option for the development of events.
• External influence on the fetus is no less dangerous. Spontaneous abortion is possible if a woman works in contact with chemicals or is exposed to radiation or vibration.

All these reasons can be combined in different variations, or they may be completely absent. Sometimes spontaneous abortion occurs due to stress in combination with bad habits that the woman lived with previously or did not give up during pregnancy. In some cases, it is not possible to find out the exact cause of the miscarriage.

Clinical signs of threatened miscarriage

Signs of a threatened miscarriage are quite easy for any woman to notice.

• Dull, nagging pain is the very first symptom of a threatened miscarriage. They are localized in the lower abdomen and sometimes spread to the lower back. They should not be confused with mild discomfort in the lateral abdominal cavity, which is completely normal during pregnancy due to changes and growth of the uterus. In addition, the pain develops unexpectedly, and the woman cannot find the reasons for its occurrence. But she can clearly note that the painful sensations are gradually increasing.
• The second place in importance can be given to the occurrence of bloody discharge from the genitals. Some women often confuse this sign with menstruation, which is wrong, because during this period the critical days stop. Even if a minimal amount of bloody discharge appears, you should consult a doctor, since this is a clear signal of a pregnancy disorder.
• General symptoms are often observed: fever, headache, nausea.

Diagnosis of threatened spontaneous abortion

Already on the basis of the clinical symptoms and complaints of the pregnant woman, the doctor can establish a diagnosis, designating it as “threatened abortion”, “initiated abortion”, “abortion in progress”, “incomplete abortion” or “complete abortion”.

During a gynecological examination, the doctor pays attention to a separate number of signs:

• increased generalized tone of the uterus (the organ becomes like stone to the touch) is a clear sign of the threat of spontaneous abortion;
• the second sign is the opening of the throat more than normal, shortening and softness of the cervix.

If at least one of these signs is detected, the doctor prescribes an ultrasound. During this examination, it will be possible to accurately assess the condition of the pregnant uterus and fetus.

The sonogram will show one or more symptoms characteristic of a threatened spontaneous abortion:

• expansion of the cervical canal;
• hypertonicity of the uterus;
• hypoplasia of the chorion (outer embryonic membrane);
• presence of retroplacental hematoma;
• absence of fetal heartbeat.

Screening, which is carried out mandatory three times during pregnancy, helps in the early diagnosis of abnormalities during pregnancy. Even when faced with the threat of spontaneous abortion, a woman can safely go through this stage thanks to observation in the hospital and timely assistance.

Prevention - pregnancy planning

Spontaneous abortion can be prevented. Some preventative measures may be sufficient for this.

Preparation for conception and pregnancy must be careful and thoughtful. The woman undergoes an examination and takes tests. During diagnosis, both chronic and acute pathologies are identified and their treatment is prescribed.

During pregnancy, it is necessary to regularly visit a doctor who will monitor the condition of the expectant mother and how the fetus develops. Timely diagnosis of even the smallest deviations is very important to combat possible problems.

While carrying a child, a woman should protect herself as much as possible from stress and fatigue, as this will negatively affect the immune system. If worries nevertheless wash over a woman, she needs to concentrate on something good and try to distract herself from depressing thoughts.

If before pregnancy the expectant mother led a healthy lifestyle and played sports, then she can consult a doctor and receive instructions on how to carry out special exercises that will not harm either the woman or the fetus.

Treatment

The threat of miscarriage in the early stages requires certain treatment. It is performed mainly on an outpatient basis.

• The woman is prescribed physical and sexual rest, and sometimes bed rest.
• A pregnant woman is recommended to attend courses to provide psychological support and combat stress. Often she is even prescribed mild sedatives so that she is not in a constant state of anxiety.
• If you are prone to constipation, stool regulation is carried out, most often in the form of microenemas with Microlax or glycerin suppositories.
• From 5-6 weeks, progesterone drugs are usually prescribed, sometimes this is done a little earlier. They are used in the treatment of women with a burdened obstetric history, sexual infantilism or inflammation of the genital organs that occurred in the past.
• If, during the diagnosis, uterine hypertonicity was determined, then the use of suppositories with papaverine is prescribed; in the future, they can be replaced with magnesium preparations or Ginipral.

In cases where a threatened abortion develops quickly, the pregnant woman is hospitalized in the gynecological department. In this place, despite their isolated situation from family and work, women often calm down. In case of development of isthmic-cervical insufficiency, sutures are placed on the cervix, which are removed only before childbirth.

Threatened miscarriage is a fairly common diagnosis, which most often does not pass without consequences.

Possible consequences include: fetal hypoxia, growth retardation, and infection of the fetus in utero.

“really sounds threatening. Especially if the pregnancy is desired and long-planned. The good news is that the diagnosis of “threatened miscarriage” is not necessarily spontaneous in the end. Moreover, doctors, after making such diagnoses, make every effort to maintain the pregnancy. And since “forewarned is forearmed,” then let’s look at what the threat of miscarriage is, when and why it occurs, and what to do to correct the situation if the first alarm bells appear.

What is a threatened miscarriage?

A miscarriage is a spontaneous termination of pregnancy that occurs before the twenty-second week. If a miscarriage occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy (before week 13), it is called an early miscarriage. Termination of pregnancy starting from is called premature birth. As a rule, certain signs indicate that something is wrong with a pregnant woman’s body and that it is likely that a miscarriage will occur. This is called threatened miscarriage.

Symptoms of threatened miscarriage

The threat of spontaneous abortion is accompanied by certain symptoms. If you know about them, you can prevent the problem in time.

So, you can recognize the threat of spontaneous abortion by the following signs:

1. Vaginal discharge ranging from light pink, scarlet to dark brown. This discharge can be scanty - just a few drops, or copious - as during menstruation. As a rule, when a spontaneous abortion is threatened or begins, the discharge is initially insignificant, but over time it becomes more and more intense. Sometimes the discharge is very scanty, but does not stop for several days.
2. Severe cramps in the lower abdomen. The pain during the threat is identical to that experienced by women with very painful periods. But in some cases, bleeding may not be accompanied by pain.

What can cause a risk of miscarriage?

There are quite a lot of reasons that lead to spontaneous abortion, and at first only to the threat of it. Below is a list of the most common reasons that contribute to the risk of miscarriage in pregnant women.

1. Hormonal. If a woman’s body produces insufficient quantities of certain hormones that are “responsible” for the successful development of pregnancy, there is a threat of its termination. In particular, this applies to progesterone or estrogen. If you determine in time that there is not enough progesterone in a woman’s body, for example, you can maintain the pregnancy by prescribing medications containing this hormone. But too many hormones are also not good. After all, an increased level of androgens (as male hormones are called) also causes the threat of miscarriage.
2. Genetic. Due to so-called genetic “breakdowns,” the fetus, in most cases, develops incorrectly. Often it is not viable and dies in the early stages of pregnancy. According to statistics, approximately 73% of miscarriages occur for this reason.
3. Infectious. If any infectious disease has “settled” in a woman’s body, including those that are sexually transmitted (chlamydia, herpes, cytomegalovirus, trichomoniasis, toxoplasmosis, syphilis, and so on), then the chances of a threat of miscarriage are colossal.
4. Immunological. These causes arise as a result of immune incompatibility between women and men, as well as Rhesus conflict. In the second case, it is meant that the child inherits the father’s Rh positive, and the woman’s Rh negative body tries to reject the cells of the embryo that are foreign to it.
5. Physiological. These include various defects or anatomical features of the structure of the uterus and cervix, that is, the female reproductive system. This could be, for example, an abnormal structure of the uterus or its insufficiency.
6. Medicinal. There are a number of drugs that are strictly prohibited for use by pregnant women, as they can cause a risk of spontaneous abortion.
7. Age. Doctors say that women over 30 years old automatically fall into the risk group, since after this age the body functions with certain “failures”.
8. "Harmful". This includes habits such as smoking and drugs.
9. Physical and mental. Hard physical labor, severe emotional stress, and overwork are a sure step towards a diagnosis of “threatened miscarriage.”

By the way, abortions and miscarriages that occurred in the past can be noted in a separate line. This also often causes a threat to arise.

First actions when there is a threat of miscarriage

The first thing a pregnant woman needs to do if she notices symptoms of a threatened miscarriage is to lie down and pick up the phone. You need to lie down in such a way that your legs are elevated. The phone is needed to inform the doctor about what happened and, if possible, to call him at home. As a rule, after consulting a doctor, a woman, with the help of relatives, should go to a hospital where she will receive medical care. If the bleeding is severe, you need to call an ambulance, whose workers are required to provide first aid on the spot, and then transport the pregnant woman to the gynecological department of the hospital. It is very important while a woman is waiting for a doctor to try to calm down. If you can’t do this yourself, you can drink a few drops of valerian or motherwort tincture. Sometimes a doctor over the phone, after listening to a woman, may ask her to take one or two tablets of no-shpa. There is no need to worry about this, because no-spa for pregnant women is an approved drug, it perfectly relieves spasms and tone of the uterus.

In most cases, when there is a strong threat of miscarriage, when real, unambiguous symptoms are already appearing, the pregnant woman is placed in “conservation.” Treatment in the inpatient department of the hospital will take place depending on what exactly caused this condition. In order to determine this, special examinations and tests are carried out.

Every pregnant woman should know about preventive measures in order to protect herself and prevent the threat of miscarriage. It must be remembered that cured chronic and acute diseases, a rational, nutritious diet, giving up bad habits, avoiding stress and intense physical activity are the guarantee that the threat of miscarriage due to the woman’s fault will certainly not occur. As for other, more complex reasons, it’s up to Mother Nature to decide. The woman’s task is to reduce the risk as much as possible and do everything possible to ensure that a healthy and strong baby is born.

Especially for Olga Rizak

Threatened miscarriage is a condition in which there is a risk of rejection of the embryo from the endometrium of the uterus. Pathology occurs under the influence of provoking factors - infections, genetic and hormonal abnormalities, and poor lifestyle. It is not always possible to preserve the fetus in such situations, so a woman needs to know the first dangerous signs.

What is it

Threatened miscarriage is a pathological condition in which the loss of a child is possible for up to 22 weeks. After 22 weeks, doctors, if indicated, diagnose a threat of premature birth.

Reasons

A variety of factors can provoke abortion. Some of them can be corrected before conception or during pregnancy.

The most critical periods are 2-3, 8-12, 18-22 weeks of gestation.

Hormonal

The main reason for miscarriage is insufficient production. This hormone is necessary for conception, maintenance and proper course of pregnancy.

Other hormonal causes:

• estrogen deficiency;
• excess androgens - hormones suppress the synthesis of estrogen and progesterone
• imbalance of thyroid and adrenal hormones.

Infectious

Infectious diseases that can cause miscarriage:

In infectious pathologies, the temperature rises due to toxins between the fetus and mother.

Genetic

Genetic disorders that threaten the condition of the fetus arise as a result of mutations in female and male germ cells. Provoking factors - medications, viral infections.

Genetic defects are incompatible with the life of the fetus and most often cause a threat.

It is impossible to prevent spontaneous abortion caused by genetic abnormalities. But in order to reduce the risk of a dangerous condition, parents need it at the stage of pregnancy planning.

Gynecological

The risk of threatened abortion increases in women who have had abortions and become pregnant through IVF.

Dangerous gynecological pathologies:

• syndrome;
• and other neoplasms in the organs of the reproductive system;

Rhesus conflict

Occurs if the woman has a negative Rh factor, and the fetus is positive. The body perceives the embryo as a foreign body.

Medicines

After conception, you need to be careful when choosing medications; many of them are dangerous for expectant mothers.

What drugs can cause miscarriage:

• narcotic analgesics;
• antitumor drugs;
• some .

Some herbs can cause abortion - nettle, tansy, St. John's wort, barberry, ginseng.

Bad habits

Any bad habits - alcohol, nicotine, drug addiction can lead to fetal death, the development of abnormalities, and miscarriage.

Stress

Frequent and strong experiences negatively affect gestation. Stress itself does not cause the threat of interruption, but can serve as a predisposing factor.

The threat of miscarriage is facilitated by heavy physical activity, sexual intercourse, in the abdominal area, and deficiency. The possibility of conceiving and bearing a child is reduced in the presence of chronic kidney disease, heart disease, etc.

Causes of late miscarriage

In addition to all of the above reasons, miscarriage in the second or third trimester can be caused by additional pathological conditions:

• problems with blood clotting;
• late ;
• isthmic-cervical insufficiency.

Signs

The first symptoms are heaviness and pain in the lower abdomen, in the lumbar region, vaginal discharge of scarlet or dark brown color, abdominal tension due to increased tone of the uterus.

Manifestations

Sometimes a woman does not experience any special symptoms; the doctor identifies the threat during a routine examination. The tone of the uterus is increased, the heartbeat of the fetus is abnormal, and the gestation period does not match.

Dangers

A prolonged threat of pregnancy negatively affects the condition of the fetus:

• hypoxia, sometimes occurring in the brain;
• – for infectious pathologies in women.

Forecasts

If the pathology is not caused by genetic mutations, the probability of continuing the pregnancy if there is a threat is quite high. Provided you consult a doctor in a timely manner and follow all his recommendations.

Termination of pregnancy is a real tragedy for a woman. To reduce the risk of developing a dangerous situation, you need to start preparing for conception in advance and be attentive to your health while carrying a child.

According to statistics, out of 100 pregnancies, 15–20 end in miscarriages. Most often this happens when the woman does not yet know about her situation. But if the expectant mother is already aware that conception has occurred, then a miscarriage becomes a terrible loss for her. Therefore, information regarding miscarriage will be useful both to those who are at the planning stage and to women already expecting a baby. Knowing the causes and symptoms of spontaneous abortion in the early stages, you can prevent the threat of losing a child, as well as avoid unpleasant consequences.

What is spontaneous abortion

Miscarriage (spontaneous or spontaneous abortion) is the rejection of the fetus by the mother’s body for reasons beyond her control for up to 28 weeks.

Statistics of pregnancy rates among women in Russia

There are three types of spontaneous abortion (depending on the period at which the miscarriage occurred).

1. Termination of biochemical pregnancy (up to 3 weeks). For unknown reasons, the embryo detaches from the walls of the uterus and comes out along with blood clots. Bleeding at these times is in most cases perceived as the beginning of menstruation, since the woman does not yet know about her pregnancy.
2. Early miscarriage, or spontaneous abortion. Termination of pregnancy occurs before the third trimester.
3. Premature birth, or late miscarriage. The reasons may be various pathologies of the fetus, circulatory disorders, gestosis in the mother, etc. In most cases, with a miscarriage in the later stages, the child can be saved.

In each period of pregnancy, there are periods during which the threat of miscarriage is most likely. The highest risk of losing a baby occurs in the first month after conception, especially from 14 to 21 days.

In addition, you need to be extremely careful during the following periods: 8–12, 16–20, 28–32 weeks. During this period, a woman should rest more, avoid stress, listen to her feelings and visit a doctor in a timely manner.

If signs of an incipient miscarriage are detected, a woman should immediately seek qualified medical help. Timely measures taken increase the chances of maintaining the pregnancy and a successful delivery on time.

Threat of miscarriage - how to maintain pregnancy (video)

Types

Miscarriages are divided into several types:

1. Inevitable (incomplete). He is accompanied by severe pain, covering the lower back and lower abdomen. Accompanied by cervical dilatation and uterine bleeding. A miscarriage is considered inevitable when a rupture of the membranes forms and the internal os of the uterus opens. Continuous pain and discharge are signs of an incomplete miscarriage.
2. Complete - spontaneous termination of pregnancy, in which the embryo or fetus is completely expelled from the uterine cavity. After complete cleansing of the organs, pain, spasms and bleeding disappear. Surgery is rarely required.
3. Failed miscarriage or frozen pregnancy. The dead fetus remains in the uterus; at first, no symptoms are observed. Most often it is diagnosed at a routine appointment with a gynecologist or by ultrasound. Surgery is mandatory.
4. Repeated miscarriage. Happens in about one in a hundred couples. When a woman has three pregnancies in a row end in arbitrary termination in the early stages.
5. Anembryony. Fertilization and attachment of the egg occurs, upon examination, an enlargement of the uterus is observed, a fertilized egg is formed, and other symptoms of pregnancy are also present. But the fetus either does not develop or dies at the initial stage.
6. Chorioadenoma. Develops due to genetic disorders. In place of the amniotic sac, just a piece of tissue is formed, which gradually increases in size.

If these conditions are diagnosed early, the woman must undergo an abortion for medical reasons.

Features in the early stages

In most cases, complete or incomplete miscarriages occur in the early stages of pregnancy.

1. With a complete miscarriage, the uterus rejects the fetus completely, along with the waters and amniotic sac.
2. In the case of an incomplete miscarriage, most often only the embryo is rejected, and the amniotic membranes remain in the uterine cavity. The embryo can come out either completely or partially.

To avoid the serious consequences of an incomplete miscarriage, the woman is cleaned and also prescribed hemostatic, hormonal, antibacterial medications that cause uterine contractions.

After cleaning, it is imperative to perform an ultrasound to make sure that there are no blood clots or fetal tissue left, and that the uterine lining is being restored.

Reasons

Most often, the causes of miscarriage are genetic abnormalities and fetal malformations that are incompatible with life. This is why some doctors prefer not to continue pregnancy until 12 weeks, arguing that this is due to natural selection. In some cases, abortion is offered for medical reasons.

If a woman is hospitalized for preservation, then in most cases doctors are able to prevent a miscarriage. In this case, if possible, a complete examination of the fetus is carried out for the presence of genetic abnormalities. And only then is a decision made on further tactics for managing the pregnancy or a referral to terminate it is issued.

The main causes of early miscarriage:

1. Genetic defects:
   • anatomical (congenital and acquired malformations);
   • infectious (chronic endometritis);
   • genetic (structural or quantitative change in chromosomes);
   • endocrine;
   • thrombophilic;
   • immunological (autoimmune and alloimmune).
2. Violation of hormone levels and thyroid function.
3. Diseases of the reproductive system, sexually transmitted infections.
4. Viral and infectious diseases (flu, sore throat, rubella, chickenpox, toxoplasmosis).
5. Impaired blood flow between mother and child;
6. Severe pathologies of the internal organs of the fetus.
7. Bad habits of the mother (smoking, alcohol, drugs).
8. Stress, nervous tension.
9. Physical activity, heavy lifting, injuries.
10. History of abortion, scars on the uterus and abdominal cavity.
11. Taking medications contraindicated during pregnancy.
12. X-ray radiation.

The causes of early fetal rejection can also be attributed to a later period, although in the second and third trimesters, miscarriage is most often provoked by inflammatory processes in the uterine cavity or placenta.

Signs in the early stages

The following symptoms indicate a threat of miscarriage:

• pain in the lower abdomen;
• vaginal bleeding (scarlet or brown discharge, spotting or heavy);
• convulsions.

In the early stages, it is not always known about pregnancy, so the symptoms of a miscarriage can easily be mistaken for the beginning of a new menstruation. It is worth noting that there are also secondary signs of spontaneous abortion that distinguish it from menstrual periods, in particular:

• vomiting and frequent loose stools;
• pain in the form of spasms;
• weight loss;
• bleeding alternating with mucus;
• aching pain in the lumbar region.

If you know you are pregnant and even minor bleeding begins, you should urgently seek medical help.

There is such a thing as a frozen pregnancy, or a failed miscarriage. This is the cessation of fetal development and its death for up to 28 weeks. Signs of this condition:

• absence of toxicosis;
• decrease in basal temperature;
• weakness.

In addition, the symptoms of a miscarriage may vary depending on the stage of its progress.

Symptoms depending on the stage of miscarriage (table)

Stage	Clinical picture
State of threatened miscarriage	This stage is accompanied by aching pain in the lower abdomen and lumbar region. In some cases, spotting and spotting appears.
	During the second stage of miscarriage, the pain becomes cramping, there is general weakness and dizziness. With every movement, the bleeding increases, and there are clots in the discharge.
Miscarriage in progress (or in progress)	Symptoms of miscarriage include sharp pain that spreads throughout the abdomen and lower back, significant blood loss and the release of the fertilized egg from the uterus. In some cases, a woman may see a small gray bubble in the discharge; most often this happens if the fetus died a few days before the development of the main symptoms.
Completed miscarriage (completed abortion)	The bleeding gradually becomes less intense, but spotting may continue for several days.

Timely diagnosis of the threat of miscarriage and the onset of spontaneous abortion (first and second stages) with adequate treatment leave a chance of saving the child. The next stages are irreversible and lead to termination of pregnancy.

Stages of spontaneous miscarriage (gallery)

Bleeding after spontaneous abortion can last from 4 to 10 days Some time later, the fertilized egg and placenta are expelled from the uterus Clinical picture of a miscarriage: bleeding, accompanied by spasm and pain in the lower abdomen, pain in the lumbar region

Spontaneous abortion or menstruation?

It is possible to determine that a pregnancy has been terminated and that another menstruation has not occurred by monitoring the level of hCG in the blood and measuring basal body temperature.

Basal temperature is the lowest body temperature, which is measured immediately after sleep, without getting out of bed.

Prevention

Even a completely healthy woman is not immune from spontaneous miscarriage. It is not always possible to detect genetic mutations, hereditary or chronic diseases, which often manifest themselves during pregnancy.

But you can follow simple rules that will allow you to conceive a healthy child and increase the chances of a successful pregnancy. Among them:

• moderate and healthy eating, weight control;
• complete cessation of alcohol and cigarettes;
• taking multivitamins;
• elimination of stress and overload;
• frequent and long walks in the fresh air;
• gymnastics or physical education classes;
• complete rest;
• routine examinations with a doctor.

After an early miscarriage, a woman should undergo a full examination, treatment and only with the permission of a doctor begin planning a new pregnancy.

According to statistics, 2 out of 10 pregnancies end in spontaneous miscarriage. Therefore, it is necessary to carefully monitor your well-being while carrying a child. If specific symptoms occur, seek medical help immediately. Timely diagnosis and treatment will preserve your pregnancy and minimize the risks of its termination.

Good afternoon, my dear readers! Today I will tell you a sad story with a happy ending. A good friend of mine gave birth to her first child early, at the age of 18, and now, 10 years later, she decided that she wanted a second baby. She and her husband were confident that everything would work out the first time: they stopped using protection and began “working on the issue.”

And then Katerina (that’s my friend’s name) saw the coveted two stripes on the test. Happiness knew no bounds if not for the strange pains and discharge that began at 3 weeks of pregnancy. Having examined the girl on the chair, the gynecologist stated: a miscarriage... “Why?!” “What went wrong?” Katya asked the doctor in tears, but the doctor just shrugged his shoulders.

The worst thing is that the second and third attempts ended the same way, and when Katerina and her husband were completely desperate, she managed to get pregnant and... bear a healthy baby boy!

The threat of early miscarriage, the symptoms of which can be invisible and deceptive, is a problem for many modern women. According to statistics, 20% of girls encounter it and do not know why their body rejects the baby and does not allow him to grow and develop.

Today I decided to devote a separate topic to early miscarriages. Even if it has never touched you, read to the end. What if your loved ones develop a similar pathology, and you will be able to recognize it in time and, possibly, save the child.

Hormones, smoking and other factors

Doctors distinguish between the dangers of early (before 22 weeks) and late (23-37 weeks) termination of pregnancy. Both can cause not only further infertility, but also the death of the expectant mother. Therefore, gynecologists do everything to maintain early pregnancy and stabilize the woman’s condition.

The approximate causes of miscarriages are now well studied. I advise you to read them carefully to know whether you are at risk.

Threat of miscarriage in the early stages: symptoms

1. Hormonal imbalances, in particular a lack of female hormone (estrogen) and an excess of male hormone.

2. Rh factors of different “polarity” in the baby’s mother and father.

3. Incompatibility with a man in terms of genetics (and this happens, and quite often).

4. Gynecological diseases (endometritis, fibroids and others).

5. Pathologies of the structure of the uterus. Often the bicornuate or saddle shape does not allow the fetus to attach, and rejection occurs.

6. Taking medications that are not permitted during pregnancy.

8. Serious nervous shock, anxiety, prolonged depression.

9. Previous miscarriages and abortions.

10. Mutation of the genes of the unborn child.

11. Heavy loads, abdominal injuries as a result of a fall or impact.

12. The mother is over 35 years old when the uterus begins to age.

13. Bad habits: alcohol, smoking, drugs.

14. Taking medicinal herbs. Nettle, St. John's wort, tansy and some other herbs contribute to early miscarriages! Below we will talk about how to carry out herbal medicine safely and for the benefit of yourself and your child.

How to understand that the pregnancy is being terminated

Some mothers have a whole set of prerequisites for miscarriage. That is why doctors advise approaching conception thoughtfully, without drinking alcohol first. Otherwise, the joy of the news of a long-awaited pregnancy will soon give way to tears and stress.

The danger of an early miscarriage is that the signs may not manifest themselves clearly and clearly. During normal pregnancy, they can also occur. In any case, be alert and if you feel unwell, call “03” immediately!

1) Pain in the lower back and abdomen of a pulling nature;

2) A large amount of discharge. They can be colorless or colored, stop and start again. If you notice, in addition to them, blood impurities, it means there is a threat of miscarriage;

3) Heat up to 39 degrees. Sometimes it occurs against the background of inflammation, when the fetus has already died inside the mother and decomposition has begun. It can threaten blood poisoning and death of a woman!

Remember! If you are at risk of miscarriage and the pregnancy is difficult, your task (together with doctors) is to carry the baby to 22 weeks. At this stage, the baby already weighs more than 600 grams, and with proper care, with the help of modern equipment, he will survive in the “incubator” conditions of the incubator.

Traditional and folk treatment

Get ready that you will have to undergo many examinations, tests and, most likely, stay in the pregnancy pathology department until the danger passes.

You will donate blood for biochemistry, hormones, hCG, urine, and a smear for infections. The gynecologist will examine you in a chair and using an ultrasound machine to identify abnormalities in the structure of the uterus. They will also check the blood for clotting, and only after that the doctor will choose further tactics and prescribe the necessary therapy.

Listen to the doctors in everything. If they decide that you need hospital rest and long-term treatment (sometimes until the end of pregnancy), do not resist. If the condition is not too dangerous, you may be sent home with vitamins and other medications prescribed.

Standard treatment includes:

· Sedative natural remedies: valerian, motherwort;

· Metipred, Prednisolone and other corticosteroids;

· Vitamins (C, E) to maintain the body’s immune strength;

· Antispasmodics that relieve pain and uterine tone (suppositories Papaverine, No-shpa, Magnesia;

· Hemostatic drugs: Tranexam, Dicynon;

· Hormonal: Utrozhestan, Duphaston;

If your gynecologist decides that your cervix needs to be narrowed, don't worry. Such an intervention will not harm you or the fetus in any way; the risks are minimal.

Otherwise, conventional therapy includes bed rest, positive emotions, and sometimes it is recommended to conduct several sessions with a psychologist.

Treatment with folk remedies can complement the main treatment, but only with the permission and approval of the doctor. I will give you a few recipes for your reference.

Herbal infusion with honey.

Take 1 teaspoon each of dry St. John's wort and calendula flowers, pour 250 ml of boiling water and leave in a thermos for at least an hour. Before drinking, strain and add half a teaspoon of honey. You will need to prepare two such servings per day.

Dandelion compote.

There will be no sugar in this drink; it will be tart and bitter, but very healthy. Pick a few dandelion leaves. You can also take the root, washing it thoroughly. We will boil for about 5 minutes with a small amount of water. Drink this infusion 2 tbsp. spoons three times a day.

Red viburnum.

We will not need berries, but the bark or flowers of this tree. We will boil the bark (1 tsp per glass of water), and then take 20 ml 3 times a day. Brew the flowers in a thermos (three tablespoons - 1.5 liters of water). You need to drink them 2 tbsp. spoons after meals.

Attention! Not all herbs are equally beneficial, many of them can worsen the condition and speed up miscarriage! Read the instructions before use and be sure to consult your doctor.

Sometimes severe pain in the lower abdomen suddenly hits you, and you realize that something is wrong. If this happened on the street, in a supermarket, in a movie, and you are completely alone, do not hesitate to ask passers-by for help. Let them help you get to the nearest bench, chair, armchair, and stay with you until the ambulance arrives.

“Taboos” and the prevention of miscarriages

Remember a few “don’ts”, which in an emergency can only bring the tragic moment closer:

1) Taking a hot bath or going to the sauna;

2) Sex in all its manifestations;

3) Panic, severe stress, sudden movements and heavy lifting;

4) Smoking, alcohol, uncontrolled use of unfamiliar medications;

5) Coffee, chocolate, strong tea.

Be sure to familiarize your spouse with the symptoms and action plan if there is a threat of miscarriage. Perhaps the minutes will count and everything will need to be done to save the baby. If you do not react in time, especially when the pregnancy is already halfway through, the expectant mother may get an abscess or infection of the uterus. By this time, parents will already get used to the baby living in the womb, and will subsequently experience guilt and pain due to his loss.

How long can it take to get pregnant after a miscarriage, if it does happen, and is it even possible to conceive again? According to statistics, the risk of relapse is minimal, and after an interrupted pregnancy and a rehabilitation period (about six months), you can try again. To ensure that your baby stays in your tummy until the due date this time, follow a few simple rules:

· Together with your partner, undergo a thorough examination and take all necessary tests;

· Do not go to crowded events, concerts, cinemas, especially during flu epidemics and other infections;

· Treat all diseases of the genital area;

· Eat healthy food, don’t drink alcohol or a lot of coffee, don’t smoke;

· Don’t be nervous at work and at home, don’t allow yourself to be overexerted.

In a word – peace, increased attention to your health and nutrition, positive emotions and support for your loved one in everything. Believe me, if you do everything for your baby at the planning stage, he will thank you with his health and good intrauterine development. Have a wonderful pregnancy without ailments and, especially, miscarriages!

With this I say goodbye to you! If you want to discuss the topic, tell your stories, go to the forum. Well, don’t forget to share the publication on social networks. See you later!