Consultation for parents
“Formation of cultural and hygienic
skills in children of middle preschool age"
Prepared by:
teacher 1KK
Lapunova Ekaterina Alexandrovna
Dear parents, don't forget, that the key to success is strengthening and maintaining health your child - in reasonable physical, intellectual and personal development.
In the modern world, when there are so many temptations around a small person, only parents are able and should protect him from bad habits, poor nutrition, a passive, sedentary lifestyle and other dangerous factors that shorten human life.
If you, parents, now pay enough attention to the health of your child, then in the future he will definitely appreciate your care and attention to him, he will forever be grateful to you for the most important gift in every person’s life - health...
Along with organizing the correct regime, nutrition, and hardening, a large place in the work of the kindergarten is given to instilling cultural and hygienic skills and habits in children. The child’s health and his contacts with others largely depend on this.
Cultural and hygienic skills include:
- body cleanliness skills;
- cultural food;
- maintaining order in the environment;
- cultural relationships of children with each other and with adults.
Cultural and hygienic skills and habits are largely formed in preschool age, since the child’s central nervous system is highly plastic, and actions associated with eating, dressing, and washing are repeated every day and repeatedly. In kindergarten, we teach children to wash their hands after a walk or after using the toilet. But those children from whom this is not required at home usually need reminders. These skills can be developed in a child and become a habit only if all the surrounding adults make the same demands on him. Young children are very receptive, prone to imitation, and they easily master various actions. But for these actions to take hold and become habitual, it takes time. Over time, he will develop a need to follow these rules even when there is no control from his elders. Teaching a child to follow the rules of hygiene means protecting his body from many infectious diseases. The child must firmly understand that he cannot sit down at the table with unwashed hands, and he must not eat unwashed fruits and berries.
Handwashing and personal hygiene skills include the ability to wash the face, ears, hands:
Many rules of cultural food are dictated by concern for human health. Teach your child to use a fork correctly, and don’t be afraid to give him a knife (of course, not too sharp, with a blunt end). Let the child get used to eating while holding a fork in his left hand and a knife in his right hand. This skill is easily formed in childhood and is reinforced throughout life. Remind your child that food needs to be taken little by little, then it can be easily chewed, and that sitting with a mouth full to capacity, from which food that doesn’t fit falls out, is very ugly and unpleasant for your neighbors at the table to see. If you want to teach your child to use a napkin, do not forget to place the napkins on the table. If your child leaves the table without saying thank you, remind him of this. Also remind him of the need to thank adults and children for the help provided and the attention shown to him.
Tidy eating skills include the ability to:
It is difficult to teach a child to use a handkerchief if he does not always have a clean handkerchief and is used to doing without it. Therefore, do not forget to give it to your child or remind him to get a clean handkerchief himself. Involve your son (daughter) in washing and ironing his handkerchiefs.
Learning to use a handkerchief:
Learning to use a comb:
Must be mandatory children rinsing their mouths after meals, brushing their teeth (before bed). This habit, developed in childhood, helps keep teeth in good condition for many years. You can often see how parents, noticing that the child looks sloppy, immediately begin tucking in a loose shirt, fastening buttons, etc. And it’s very rare to hear dad or mom say: “Look at you, how sloppy you look! Get yourself in order." In the first case, the child gets the idea that adults are responsible for his neatness and neatness and, if something is wrong, they will fix everything. In the second, the child feels that if he looks sloppy, it is unpleasant for others and he must take care of his appearance himself. Only with such an attitude from adults can a child develop the habit of neatness.
Children of middle preschool age usually do not forget to say hello when they come to kindergarten and say goodbye when they go home. But sometimes we have to remind ourselves of this. Politeness and attention to a person require that, when saying goodbye or greeting, a preschooler should say the name and patronymic of the person he is addressing (teacher, nanny), and look him in the face. It’s good if it’s customary in the family to wish good morning and good night to relatives and neighbors. Adults should lead by example in this regard.
It is necessary to teach children to behave with restraint in public places: on the street, cinema, theater, on transport, etc. Children should not talk loudly, start a fuss, run, or demand that they have a seat by the window. The child should be explained that with his unrestrained behavior he can interfere with others, that it is necessary to take into account the people who are nearby. Children should not abuse the care and attention that adults surround them with. From an early age, you need to teach your child to restrain his desires if they run counter to the wishes of others. We often justify a child’s selfish behavior by saying that “he is still small.” A middle-aged child can be taught a culture of activity, the ability to prepare everything he needs, not to be distracted, to bring what he starts to the desired result, and to handle things with care. Here demonstration, explanation, and example of an adult play a huge role. Show your child how, in what sequence, and with what techniques this or that task should be performed. Encourage your child's desire to take part in the work of adults. Working together with adults, children adopt from them rational methods of work and its organization.
In order for the skill mastered by the child to improve and become familiar to him, exercise is needed. Adult supervision and reminders are needed here. This reminder is done in a friendly, calm, but firm tone. The rules of relationships are the most difficult for children to learn. Therefore, it is necessary to remind your son or daughter more often that they must greet you first, that you cannot enter someone else’s room without knocking, that you must give way to elders, etc. We, adults, need to remember that formed habits are very persistent, and we must not miss the time most favorable for the formation of positive habits.
First
Usually, a restless and active child of preschool age can hardly sit in one place while his mother combs his hair or cuts his nails, does not like to wash his hair, and brushes his teeth hastily, and only after repeated reminders from adults. And how difficult it is for a child to wake up early in the morning and get dressed independently when getting ready for kindergarten. We must remember what to wear, what to wear, how to fasten buttons, tie shoelaces, etc.
The child does not want to make efforts and transfers self-care activities to mom or dad. And parents themselves, when the child has even the slightest difficulty, rush to help. Of course, it is much easier and faster for a mother to wash and dress the child herself than to wait for the child to do this slowly and clumsily. And at the same time, it should be understood that in this way it forms a passive position in the child and inhibits the development of his independence and cultural and hygienic skills. Therefore, the child comes to kindergarten and cannot cope, helplessly asks the teachers: “help”, “button up”, “put on clothes”.
Therefore, instead of doing absolutely everything for your child, take care to provide conditions at home that are favorable for children. formation of cultural and hygienic skills in a child. Constantly repeat certain actions with your child until the skills are fully formed.
What should a child be able to do at different age stages of preschool?
First of all, let’s find out the sequence of formation in a preschool child of cultural and hygienic skills and skills that are advisable to focus on.
So, already in the second year of life, children should be able to put their hands under running water in the washbasin, wash off soap suds from their hands, dry themselves with a towel, drink from a cup, eat with a spoon, use a napkin, handkerchief, and the like.
Three-year-old children should already eat independently and carefully, chew food thoroughly, hold a spoon correctly, roll up their sleeves before washing, use soap, wash, and wipe their face with a towel. Children of primary preschool age should be taught to use cutlery (spoon, fork, knife), napkin, eat carefully, rinse their mouth after eating, brush their teeth properly, comb their hair, and follow the rules for using personal hygiene items. Children of senior preschool age are already able to independently control personal hygiene, behave culturally at the table, and the like.
How to encourage your child to be independent in caring for themselves?
The child is greatly encouraged to be active and take independent action in caring for himself by the favorable organization of conditions for carrying out hygiene procedures. Therefore, in order to provide your child with convenience and comfort, create all the necessary conditions for this in the bathroom, in particular:
Attach the towel hook at the child's height;
Place a low chair next to the washbasin, on which it will be convenient for the child to reach the tap with his hands;
Attach the handle-holder to the wall above the bathtub so that the child can hold on to it with both hands while washing, washing feet, or taking a hygienic shower;
Place a mat near the bathtub to prevent your child from slipping.
Be sure to buy your child his personal hygiene items: towels, a comb for combing his hair, a toothbrush, baby soap, a washcloth, and the like. Give your child the opportunity to choose them themselves in the store. Children usually like accessories that are brightly colored, have interesting patterns, or have images of their favorite characters or cartoons.
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All personal hygiene items for a child should be selected taking into account his age capabilities and anthropometric characteristics. For example, the size of a bar of soap must correspond to the size of a child’s hand, the towel must have a loop so that the child can pick it up and hang it with one movement, cups for a toothbrush must be stable, comfortable and safe; The comb should be selected with blunt teeth so as not to damage the baby’s delicate skin.
What do parents need to remember when teaching their child to be neat?
Working on the formation of obvious cultural and hygienic skills in the child, remember a few important rules:
The haste and impatience of adults muffles the child’s initiative and his desire to be independent;
When communicating with your child, express a positive attitude towards cleanliness and neatness as often as possible;
Organize routine moments in an interesting way - then the child will willingly perform certain actions. During hygiene procedures, say, tell your child short didactic poems, take your child’s favorite toy with you to the bathroom, “who also wants to be neat”;
Encourage any childish manifestations of independence, even the most clumsy ones;
Do not criticize the child under any circumstances, only praise;
Do not leave your child unattended, even if he learns to perform one or another hygiene procedure on his own.
Don't expect your child to learn everything at once.
At the age of three, he will wash his face only on the condition that an adult stands “over his soul.”
At four years old, he will do the same if you remind him that every person needs to wash his face and brush his teeth. In addition, the child will certainly expect you to praise him for performing the action correctly. The desire to earn praise is exactly the incentive that encourages a preschool child to take care of himself independently. And only then, when you develop in the child the awareness that behind every action there is a rule, when he has learned a certain norm, then he will go to the bathroom on his own, because he will feel the need to be neat, to keep his body clean.
Therefore, to develop any stable cultural and hygienic skills in a child, you will need not only a long time and your patience, but also support in the child’s positive emotions from independently performing certain hygiene procedures. And, of course,
From the first days of life, when developing cultural and hygienic skills, there is not just the assimilation of rules and norms of cultural behavior, but an extremely important process of socialization, the child’s entry into the world of adults. Cultural and hygienic skills are an important part of a culture of behavior. The need for neatness, keeping the face, body, hairstyle, clothes, shoes clean, is dictated not only by hygiene requirements, but also by the norms of human relations.
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Formation of cultural and hygienic skills in preschool children
Consultation for parents on developing cultural and hygienic skills in preschoolers.
From the first days of life, when developing cultural and hygienic skills, there is not just the assimilation of rules and norms of cultural behavior, but an extremely important process of socialization, the child’s entry into the world of adults. Cultural and hygienic skills are an important part of a culture of behavior. The need for neatness, keeping the face, body, hairstyle, clothes, shoes clean, is dictated not only by hygiene requirements, but also by the norms of human relations. Children should understand that following these rules shows respect for others, that it is unpleasant for anyone to touch a dirty hand or look at unkempt clothes. A sloppy person who does not know how to take care of himself, his appearance, and actions is, as a rule, careless in his work.
Hygienic education and training are inextricably linked with the education of cultural behavior. From a very early age, children are taught to sit correctly at the table while eating, eat carefully, chew food thoroughly and silently, and know how to use cutlery and a napkin; teach what, what and how to eat; introduce different types of cookware(tea room, dining room); they teach how to set the table, draw attention to a given pattern of correct communication during meals (talk in a low voice, in a friendly tone, do not speak with your mouth full, respect the requests and desires of children, pay attention to the beauty of a correctly set table, causing a reciprocal emotional response.
Education of cultural and hygienic skills includes a wide range of tasks:
Develop cultural and hygienic skills, form the simplest skills of behavior while eating and washing.
Form the habit of taking care of your appearance, the ability to properly use soap, wash your hands and face; Wipe yourself dry after washing, hang the towel back, use a comb and a handkerchief.
Develop table behavior skills: use a spoon and napkin correctly; do not crumble bread, chew food with your mouth closed, do not talk at the table, do not talk with your mouth full.
To form initial ideas about the value of health, that health begins with the cleanliness of the body, that cleanliness, beauty, and health are inseparable concepts.
To develop the need for hygiene and neatness in everyday life.
Involve parents in maintaining and developing personal hygiene skills at home.
Enrich the subject-developmental environment of the group.
To successfully solve these problems, it is recommended to use a number of pedagogical techniques taking into account the age of children: direct teaching, demonstration, exercises with performing actions in the process of didactic games ("Let's feed the doll Masha", “Let’s bathe the doll Masha”, “Let’s teach the bear to wash itself”, "Let's teach Bunny how to hold a spoon correctly"); systematically reminding children of the need to observe hygiene rules and gradually increasing the requirements for them.
At a young age, the necessary skills are best acquired by children in games with specially targeted content, however, for more successful formation and consolidation of hygiene skills throughout the period of preschool childhood, it is advisable to combine verbal and visual methods, using special sets of materials on hygienic education in kindergarten, a variety of plot pictures , symbols.
The formation of cultural and hygienic skills is the first step in developing a culture of behavior. Work on developing cultural and hygienic skills in children is carried out in two ways: directions : working with children and working with parents.
First of all, to develop cultural and hygienic skills in children, it is necessary to:
1) Ensure that the child constantly, without any exceptions, follows the established hygiene rules. Their meaning is explained to him. But it is equally important to help the child, especially at first, correctly learn the required skill. So, for example, before you start washing your hands, you need to roll up your sleeves and soap your hands well. After washing your hands, rinse off the soap thoroughly, take your towel, and wipe your hands dry;
2) You should not rush your child if he is concentrating on repeating the same action(for example, washing hands). Moreover, you should not perform this action for him. When mastering a skill, a child usually strives to perform a certain movement repeatedly. Gradually, he learns to cope with the task more independently and quickly. The adult only reminds or asks if the child has forgotten to do this or that, and then gives him almost complete independence. But you have to check whether the child did everything correctly throughout the entire preschool age;
3) In preschool age, children should learn that they should wash their hands before eating, after using the restroom, upon returning from a walk, playing with animals, and whenever they are dirty. Children who are on duty in the dining room need not only to be able to properly set the table and place the dishes, but also to firmly understand that, before starting to perform their duties, they must thoroughly wash their hands with soap, put themselves in order, and comb their hair.
4) Personal hygiene skills that a child must learn in preschool age include oral care. From the age of three, a child should be taught to rinse his mouth, from the age of four - to brush his teeth properly(from top to bottom - up, from the outside and inside)before bedtime. In the morning after sleep, it is enough to rinse your mouth. You should rinse your mouth with warm water after eating;
5) Strengthen the ability to use a comb and handkerchief. Children should be taught to turn away when coughing or sneezing and to cover their mouth with a handkerchief;
6) Improve the skills of careful eating: take food little by little, chew well, eat silently, use cutlery correctly (spoon, fork, knife, napkin, do not talk while eating.
The main conditions for the successful formation of cultural and hygienic skills in children include a rationally organized environment, a clear daily routine and adult guidance.
A rationally organized environment means the presence of a clean, sufficiently spacious room with the necessary equipment to ensure all routine elements (washing, eating, sleeping, direct educational activities and games).
For children, constancy of conditions, knowledge of the purpose and place of every thing he needs during the day is of particular importance. For example, the washroom should have a sufficient number of small sinks, each with soap on it; sinks and towels are placed taking into account the height of children; on the hanger above each towel there is a picture at a younger age and a geometric figure at a middle age. This increases children's interest in washing and consolidating their knowledge of geometric shapes.
The daily routine ensures daily repetition of hygiene procedures at the same time, which contributes to the gradual formation of skills and habits of a culture of behavior. They are strengthened in games, work, direct educational activities, and in everyday life.
The formation of cultural and hygienic skills is carried out under the guidance of adults - parents, educators. Therefore, complete consistency in the requirements of the preschool institution and the family must be ensured.
To teach a child to eat culturally, children are taught to master a number of actions carried out in a certain sequence (sit correctly at the table, not talk, chew food with a closed mouth, use eating utensils, a napkin, etc.). To gradually develop the required skills, children are trained to perform the same actions under constant supervision.
As they are mastered, cultural and hygienic skills are generalized, separated from the corresponding subject and transferred to a playful, imaginary situation ("Mishka has dirty paws", “Doll Masha caught a cold”, thereby influencing the formation of a new type of game activity.
In creative play ("Family" , "Salon") children reflect the relationships that develop during everyday processes. The child treats the doll the way parents treat him in appropriate situations. In the game, children imitate everyday actions (washing hands, eating, thereby reinforcing actions with household objects (spoon, cup, etc., and also reflect the rules that lie behind the implementation of cultural and hygienic skills: the doll’s clothes must be carefully folded, dishes arrange beautifully on the table.
Cultural and hygienic skills are associated not only with play. They underlie the first type of work activity available to a child – self-care work. Self-service is characterized by the fact that the child’s actions do not have a social motive, they are aimed at himself. Mastering cultural and hygienic skills affects not only play and work activities, but also the child’s relationships with adults and peers.
In the process of everyday work with children, it is necessary to strive to ensure that following the rules of personal hygiene becomes natural for them, and that hygiene skills are constantly improved with age. Hygienic education and training are inextricably linked with the education of cultural behavior. All information on hygiene is instilled in children in everyday life in the process of various types of activities and recreation, i.e. in each component of the regime one can find a favorable moment for hygienic education.
For effective hygienic education of preschoolers, the appearance of others and adults is of great importance. We must constantly remember that children are observant and prone to imitation, so the teacher must be a model for them.
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Consultation for parents
“Education of cultural and hygienic skills in children”
It is in preschool age that it is very important to instill in a child the habit of cleanliness, neatness, and order. During these years, children can master all the basic cultural and hygienic skills, learn to understand their importance, and perform them easily, quickly and correctly. Particular attention should be paid to children under five years of age, for whom “independent” washing and dressing usually brings great pleasure. Children of senior preschool age, 5-7 years old, should improve already acquired skills and monitor their strict and correct implementation. Skills firmly established in preschool age will last a lifetime. When developing cultural and hygienic skills, the example of others is of great importance. If adults take a shower after morning exercises, then the child considers it natural that it is obligatory. In a family where parents and older brothers and sisters will not sit down at the table without first washing their hands, this becomes a law for the child. But the general correct way of life in the family does not guarantee that the child will master all the skills available to him. Special attention must be paid to their upbringing. First of all, it is necessary to ensure that the child constantly, without any exceptions, follows the established hygiene rules. Their meaning is explained to him. But it is equally important to help the child, especially at first, correctly learn an important skill. So, for example, before you start washing your hands, you need to roll up your sleeves and soap your hands well. After washing your hands, rinse off the soap thoroughly, take your towel, and dry your hands. You should not rush your child if he is concentrating on repeating the same action (for example, washing his hands). Moreover, you should not perform this action for him. When mastering a skill, a child usually strives to perform a certain movement repeatedly. Gradually he will learn to independently and quickly cope with the task. The adult only reminds or asks if their child has forgotten to do this or that, and then gives him almost complete independence. But he has to check whether he did everything correctly throughout preschool age. Well-formed skills are performed by the child easily and quickly, on his own initiative, without reminders. If he forgets about any of them, for example, runs and sits down at the table without washing his hands, then the slightest hint, a reminder, is enough for him (even somewhat embarrassed) to correct his mistake. But if a child has not developed the appropriate skills, then performing them requires a lot of effort from him. Often unpleasant “negotiations” arise for both the parents and him: “Seryozha, you forgot to wash your hands.” - “They are clean.” - “You still need to wash them before eating.” - “I washed them recently”... And Thus, in preschool age, children should and can independently learn that they need to wash their hands before eating, after using the restroom, upon returning from a walk, playing with animals, and whenever they are dirty. Feet should be washed not only before sleep at night, but also before sleep during the day, especially in summer. Personal hygiene skills that a child should learn in preschool include oral care. From the age of three, a child should be able to rinse his mouth; from the age of four, he should be able to brush his teeth correctly. You should rinse your mouth with warm water after eating.
Does your child always have a handkerchief in his pocket? Does he know how to notice problems in clothes himself: a shoelace has come undone, a button has come undone, a T-shirt has come out of his shorts - and correct them immediately? Does he wipe his feet when entering a room? Children are characterized by a keen interest in their surroundings, activity, emotionality, and the desire for independence - all this creates favorable conditions for the development of cultural and hygienic skills, which are very important for the development of children. It must be remembered that cultural and hygienic skills are an important condition for maintaining health, since observing the rules of personal hygiene protects against infectious diseases. Cultural and hygienic skills contribute to the development of speech, psychological functions such as attention and will develop and gain strength and stability.
Mastering the basics of hygienic culture
Washing – teach how to wash your hands independently when they become dirty, after a walk, after using the restroom, and before eating. Follow the sequence of actions, roll up your sleeves, soap your hands until foam forms, scoop up the required amount of water into your palms, wash your face with both hands, wash your hands up to the elbows with soap, learn to wash your neck and ears, do not shake the water off your hands, wipe your face and hands dry. Know your towel and use it correctly.
Table manners- skillfully use a spoon and fork. Eat on your own, do not spill food. At the common table, do not disturb other children and do not use their cutlery. Learn to chew food with your mouth closed, eat only at the table, and do not hit the plate with a spoon. Use a napkin in a timely manner, after eating, put a spoon and fork on the plate. Respond to an adult’s requests to help set the table or remove certain cutlery from the table; while eating, do not be distracted by playing, reading books, or talking; during a meal, teach to think only about the tasty and healthy food that the child is currently eating. After eating, say “thank you.” When getting up from the table, check your place to see if it is clean enough, and if necessary, clean it yourself.
When instilling in children the habit of eating different foods, adults should be patient, since it takes a very long time for children to develop a positive attitude towards food, especially if there are no common views on this matter in the family and kindergarten.
Dressing – dress and undress independently in the correct sequence. Wear clothes and shoes correctly. Politely and with the right request (help, please, not like this: I need...) turn to an adult for help if necessary. Know your locker and the order in which you put clothes in your locker. Keep the locker clean and tidy. Recognize your things and not confuse them with the clothes of other children.
Caring for things and toys– Learn to put yourself in order. Develop the skill of using individual items (handkerchief, napkin, towel, comb), caring for toys and things, and using them for their intended purpose. Participate with adults in caring for things: help mom, fold your clothes neatly, rinse handkerchiefs, wash toys, put toys back in place after playing, etc.
Mastering cultural and hygienic skills leads to independence, which forms a positive attitude towards the educational processes.
Forming self-service in children leads to a positive result in meeting personal needs.
Cultural and hygienic skills are a very important part of a culture of behavior. The need for neatness, keeping the face, body, hairstyle, clothes, shoes clean are dictated not only by hygiene requirements, but also by the norms of human relations. Children should understand that if they regularly follow these rules, then they will show respect for others and will have the idea that a sloppy person who does not know how to take care of himself, his appearance, and actions, as a rule, will not be approved by the people around him.
Educating children in personal and public hygiene skills plays a vital role in protecting their health and promotes correct behavior at home and in public places. Ultimately, not only their health, but also the health of other children and adults depends on children’s knowledge and compliance with the necessary hygiene rules and norms of behavior. In the process of daily work with children, we strive to ensure that following the rules of personal hygiene becomes natural for them, and that hygiene skills are constantly improved with age. At the beginning, we teach children to follow basic rules: wash their hands with soap, lather them until foam forms and wipe them dry, use an individual towel, a comb, a glass for rinsing the mouth, and make sure that all things are kept clean.
To educate and instill in children the good habit of washing their hands, we use little rhymes:
Water, water,
Wash my face
To make your little eyes sparkle,
To make your cheeks blush,
To make your mouth laugh,
So that the tooth bites.
The mouse has bad soap paws:
I just moistened it with some water,
I didn’t try to wash with soap -
And the dirt remained on the paws.
The towel has black spots!
How unpleasant it is!
Germs will get into your mouth -
Your stomach may hurt.
So kids, try your best
Wash your face with soap more often!
Need warm water
Wash your hands before eating!
The formation of personal hygiene skills also presupposes the ability of children to always be neat, to notice problems in their clothes, and to correct them independently or with the help of adults.
When we comb the girls' hair, we read the rhyme:
Grow, braid, to the waist,
Don't lose a hair.
Grow, braid, to your toes -
All the hairs are in a row.
Grow up, braid, don't get confused -
Mom, daughter, listen.
Food culture is often referred to as hygiene skills, but it has an ethical aspect - after all, behavior at the table is based on respect for those sitting next to you, as well as for those who prepared the food.
For the successful formation and consolidation of hygiene skills throughout the period of preschool childhood, it is advisable to combine verbal and visual methods, using special sets of materials on hygienic education in kindergarten, a variety of plot pictures, and symbols. In the process of hygienic education and training of children, we provide them with a variety of information: about the importance of hygienic skills for health, about the sequence of hygienic procedures in the daily routine, and we form in children an idea of the benefits of physical exercise. Hygienic knowledge is also advisable in classes in physical education, work, familiarization with the environment, with nature. To do this, we use some didactic and role-playing games: “Clean children”, “Meeting guests”, “Dressing up a doll”, etc. Children are also interested in the literary plots “Moidodyr”, “Fedorino’s Grief”, etc. Based on them, you can act out small scenes, distributing the roles between the children. To successfully solve these problems and firmly consolidate the skills of cultural behavior, we use various poems on this topic.
All hygiene information is instilled in children in everyday life in the process of various activities and recreation, i.e. in each component of the regime you can find a favorable moment for hygienic education.
To consolidate knowledge and personal hygiene skills, we give children various tasks. Children who are on duty in the dining room need not only to be able to properly set the table and place the dishes, but also to firmly understand that, before starting to perform their duties, they must thoroughly wash their hands with soap, put themselves in order, and comb their hair.
Children's skills quickly become strong if they are constantly reinforced in different situations. The main thing is that the children are interested, and that they can see the results of their actions (someone has become much neater, etc.). And one more condition necessary for successful cultural and hygienic education is the unity of requirements on the part of adults. A child acquires hygiene skills in communication with a teacher, medical worker, nanny and, of course, in the family. The responsibility of parents is to constantly reinforce these skills developed in the child in kindergarten. It is important that adults set an example for the child and always follow them themselves.
Memo for parents
“Education of cultural and hygienic skills”
- Try to support your child's desire for independence.
- Encourage, praise your child even for small achievements.
- Self-service skills are instilled faster if an adult shows and comments on an example of how, what and in what order to do.
- You cannot rush a child to perform any action; you must give him the opportunity to do everything calmly, independently.
- If something doesn’t work out for your baby, don’t rush to help him until he asks for it.
- Always try to keep your child active and emotional.
- In the process of education, use nursery rhymes, poems, and personal example.
- Try to take advantage of the game situation.
- Always maintain a friendly emotional attitude.
To reinforce cultural behavior skills, you can use various poems.
Voditsa, voditsa,
wash our faces
Wash our cheeks
Wash our lips
Wash our teeth
Wash our hands!
Eat carefully, neatly,
Slowly and carefully!
Don't put food in your mouth,
And don't drop the pieces!
My thoughts are with you at the table
We behave correctly
Because you and I
We don't chat while eating.
LEARN TO USE A FORK AND SPOON
Puppy Antoshka at the table
I ate the fish with a tablespoon,
I tried to eat soup with a fork -
I didn't want to listen to advice.
And although I tried my best,
So I remained hungry.
Well, where does this fit in!
It's time for everyone to learn
Eat with a fork, eat with a spoon,
And don’t do it like Antoshka.
Know how to eat slowly and carefully
The little bear was chewing bread -
Dropped bread crumbs.
He spoke with his mouth full -
What? Nobody could understand.
Then I took up the compote -
The table wet its stomach too!
Everyone laughs loudly at him,
Shamed the bear cub:
Don't you know? At the table
You have to eat with your mouth closed,
Don't rush, don't talk,
Don't leave crumbs on the floor.
Then get up from the table
In a clean fur coat, as it was.
DON'T FUCK AT THE TABLE
Belka was sitting at the table,
There was a plate in front of her,
It contains bread, butter, lard
The squirrel was building a house.
That's not how it works, friends.
And they don't play with food.
They eat at the table, friends,
You can't fool around here!
And once you've eaten, you're free,
And play as you please.
DON'T BE PICKY AND EAT EVERYTHING YOU GIVE
Moles are sitting at the table,
They turn up their nose and don’t eat:
We don't want this mess!
We don't eat black bread!
Better give us some tea,
Poor little Moles!
Let me remind you of one thing:
Don't make faces at the table
Don't be capricious here -
Eat whatever they give you!
HELP THE NURSE SEET THE TABLE
The group wants to have breakfast,
Everyone around is rushing to help
Carry dishes to tables.
Only the Hedgehog said: - I won’t!
I won't go, I'll sit
And I'll look at you
I don't want to help
It's better to just wait.
This is unpleasant for everyone.
Everyone doesn't respect Hedgehog.
He himself is quite small,
And what great laziness!
