Phenol peeling. What are phenol and phytin peels?

Peeling is controlled damage to the epidermis to activate self-healing processes and the formation of new skin. The effectiveness of the procedure depends on the depth of exposure. The most pronounced effect is provided by deep and medium peels. Deep peels trigger the exfoliation process not only in the stratum corneum, but also act in the dermis, right down to the basement membrane. The most radical and prolonged result is provided by phenol peeling.

What is phenol

Phenol (hydroxybenzene or carbolic acid) exhibits chemical properties characteristic of acids, aromatic hydrocarbons and alcohols. The action of phenol as an acid keratolytic is activated in combination with oils and glycerin.

Phenol is a cheap and versatile reagent. It is used in cosmetology, surgery, veterinary medicine, as an antiseptic and preservative, in oil refining, and as a component for the production of nylon and nylon.

In terms of production scale, phenol ranks 33rd in the world among the reagents produced by the global chemical industry.

Application in cosmetology

Hydroxybenzene has been used in medicine for over 100 years. They first thought of using this reagent during the war years, as a surgical antiseptic. Today, phenol serves as a standard for disinfectants. Other modern antiseptics are classified in “phenolic coefficients”.

The daughter of a military doctor, La Gasse, noticed that areas of skin in patients disinfected with carbolic acid looked much lighter and more uniform. Later, in California and Florida, she began using phenol in her own cosmetology practice. The product formula was resold several times. In 1959, the recipe was patented by dermatologist Adolph Braun, and 2 years later another specialist unveiled the “secret” formula.

Peeling composition

The first “secret” peeling formula contained 3 ml of phenol (88%), 2 drops of croton oil, 2 ml of water, 7-10 drops of liquid soap. In 2000, the formula was modified by Hetter. He observed that adding more croton oil increased the penetration of the product to the basal layer.

Modern recipes for phenol exfoliation solution have been developed to minimize the toxicity of the active substance. To do this, use oils, level the pH of the composition by adding salicylic, citric or lactic acids.

There are no ready-made preparations for peeling with phenol. Today, dermatologists, plastic surgeons and some cosmetologists prepare the drug themselves.

Operating principle

Carbolic acid acts as a keratolytic in the stratum corneum. It breaks intercellular connections and provokes denaturation of the protein components of the upper layer of the epidermis. Diluted phenol penetrates into the base dermal layers more effectively than concentrated phenol.

Phenol peeling destroys the epidermis and causes large-scale large-plate peeling. A powerful regeneration mechanism is launched in the basal layer, and the collagen-elastin structure of the skin changes.

After restoration, the base dermal layer thickens by an average of 3 mm. The skin becomes homogeneous, light with an even texture, wrinkles, scars, and post-acne are smoothed out. But the face does not look thin; due to the thickening of the dermis, the skin looks elastic, healthy and young.

Important! It is advisable to use phenol only for deep peelings. A moderate effect can be achieved by using TCA or glycolic acid, which are potentially non-toxic.

What result can be achieved

Phenol peeling penetrates into the deep layers of the skin. There are no analogues to carbolic acid in terms of the severity of the anti-age effect. It is this procedure that allows you to “erase” 10-15 years from your face in a few weeks.

This chemical peeling is a record holder not only for the severity of the action, but also for its duration. The procedure starts the regeneration process in the deep layer of the dermis. Rejuvenation and renewal of the skin occurs due to exfoliation of “old” corneal cells.

But an additional large-scale regeneration process provokes compaction of the basement membranes (on average by 3 mm). Due to this The skin after the procedure not only looks better, but is also more resistant to subsequent age-related changes. This means that the formation of new wrinkles will occur more slowly.

Indications for use

Phenol peeling is a risky procedure. It is indicated only in cases where it is impossible to achieve the effect of radical and prolonged rejuvenation using other techniques.

Indications for phenol peeling:

• lentigo maligna;
• deep wrinkles, 3–4 type of aging according to the Glogau scale;
• age-related “buckwheat”, pronounced hyperpigmentation, dull skin color;
• consequences of mechanical injuries, scars, cicatrices, post-acne;

If these defects can be corrected with tretinoin, AHAs or TCAs, then without a doubt, priority should be given to these alternative substances.

Attention! The only direct indication for phenol peeling is lentigo maligna - a precancerous neoplasm (a harbinger of melanoma) in the form of a dark brown or brown spot.

How many procedures need to be performed

Reputable plastic surgeons advise performing phenol peeling only once in a lifetime. Several years after the procedure, the effect is maintained with the help of other procedures that do not destroy the basement membrane.

Dermatologists formed such recommendations after confirming the telomere theory of aging. Its essence is that human fibroblasts are capable of dividing no more than 50 times (Hayflick limit). In 1971, Heivlik's theory was further refined by the domestic scientist Olovnikov, explaining that with each cell division, the end sections of chromosomes - telomeres - are shortened.

The cells of the upper epidermis are capable of dividing endlessly. Therefore, superficial peelings can be carried out regularly, and phenol peelings - only once in a lifetime.

A characteristic feature of deep exfoliation, which affects the basement membrane, is a frosty, persistent, white coating that appears during the procedure.

Are there any ready-made peeling preparations available for sale?

Ready-made preparations with carbolic acid are not produced. Doctors with the necessary qualifications prepare a peeling composition from crystalline phenol. Highly toxic carbolic acid may be approved for retail sale due to its high toxicity threshold and complex application protocol.

Pure phenol is colorless crystals of irregular needle shape. In this form, phenol is sold for 150 rubles. per kg in branded stores from chemical factories. In cosmetology stores, phenol is sold in 10% concentration as a disinfectant. Also, phenol in a concentration of up to 1% is included in the pharmaceutical combined antiseptics “Fukortsin” and “Orasept”.

Preparation before the procedure

Phenol is contraindicated to be applied to damaged areas, therefore, it is not suitable for skin with acne, cuts and other problems associated with violations of the integrity of the epidermal layer. Through wounds, phenol penetrates into the bloodstream more actively and its toxicity increases.

If there is a risk of recurrence of herpes (“colds on the lips” appear more than 2 times a year), then before starting the procedure you need to take a course of the drug “Acyclovir”. A deep burn provokes disturbances in local immunity, and the likelihood of inflammation spreading increases.

Before the procedure, it is necessary to stop taking aspirin-containing drugs a week before the procedure due to the cardiotoxicity of phenol itself and the increased risk of bleeding.

When exfoliation needs to be carried out only on specific areas of the skin, it is necessary to protect adjacent delicate areas (the wings of the nose, the skin around the mouth, the upper eyelid). Cosmetologists use special silicone sheets or Vaseline masks for this.

The procedure is carried out after checking the function of the liver, kidneys and heart, under general anesthesia. On a small area of ​​skin, for example, with lentigo, peeling can be applied with local anesthesia. The procedure is not performed without anesthesia due to high pain. Essentially, a phenol peel is a 3rd degree burn.

How does the procedure work?

Before the procedure itself, the face must be disinfected and degreased as much as possible. As already noted, fat provokes the penetration of acid into the deeper layers. The preparation already contains a control amount of oil.

To monitor the depth of absorption, it is necessary to prevent the reaction of acid and sebum in the pores. To do this, you need to wipe your face with micellar water or hydrophilic oil, rinse with soap and water, and wipe with alcohol.

Phenol in the body is destroyed by the liver and excreted by the kidneys. To avoid large-scale toxic effects, the drug is applied gradually, in 4 stages, to individual areas of the skin, with an interval of 15 minutes.

To force the elimination of the toxin by the kidneys, before the procedure the patient is given a large amount of water or connected to a drip with a saline solution and a glucose solution.

Photos before and after

Rehabilitation after peeling

The rehabilitation period lasts 2–4 months after deep phenol peeling.

The patient spends the first days in the hospital. After removal of anesthesia, due to intense burn pain syndrome, it is advisable to prescribe systemic painkillers, for example, Ibuprofen. To maintain kidney and liver function, a specialist may prescribe a special diet, plenty of fluids, and hepatorotector drugs.

As for the main “affected” organ - the skin, it requires careful care. It is necessary to minimize skin contact with non-sterile surfaces, sleep on your back, and avoid touching your face with your hands. Do not stretch the injured skin, drink through a straw, do not yawn, or open your mouth wide.

Depending on the individual characteristics of the dermis and the depth of penetration of the peeling, rejection of the burned crust occurs within 3–10 days.

After one and a half to two weeks, the granulation tissue is replaced by young skin, which continues to peel off and looks red, irritated, and thinned. At this time, it is recommended to smear the face with creams with panthenol, petroleum jelly, nourishing oils, such as argan.

Full recovery occurs after six months.

Please note For the entire period of recovery and all subsequent years, sunscreen (SPF 50) and a wide-brimmed hat should become reliable friends of a woman who has experienced phenol peeling. Sunbathing and simply going outside without UV filters is contraindicated due to the high risk of cancer and hyperpigmentation.

In general, you need to use sunscreen when you are young to prevent photoaging of the skin and the need for phenol peeling.

How much does the procedure cost?

Phenol is a cheap and widely available chemical. A kilogram of crystalline hydroxybenzene costs less than 200 rubles. But phenol peeling is the most expensive option among similar beauty procedures.

Its high cost is dictated by the requirements for specialist qualifications. Only certified dermatologists, plastic surgeons and rare cosmetologists are allowed to work with phenol.

The procedure can only be done in an operating room with a cardiac monitor and resuscitation kit under general anesthesia. The first days of rehabilitation also take place in a hospital, under the supervision of a specialist. The cost of the procedure varies from 5 to 40 thousand rubles.

Is it possible to peel at home?

In 2018, peelings became a tamed and domesticated procedure. Preparations for superficial peelings can be bought in pharmacies and cosmetic stores (up to 1000 rubles for 30 ml). But phenol is strictly contraindicated to be applied anywhere outside of a sterile operating room. This is a toxic, poisonous substance. Its use requires jewelry precision, knowledge of your craft, practice and experience.

Consequences of exfoliation

Phenol peeling is exactly the case when beauty “requires sacrifice.” The risks of the procedure and the severity of post-peeling care are worth this result. The face looks 10–15 years younger and the effect lasts for at least 10 years.

After restoration, the skin is striking with radiance, a beautiful uniform color, wrinkles are smoothed out, age spots, scars and other defects are erased.

But after deep exfoliation, the dermis irreversibly loses its ability to normally synthesize pigment. A smooth, rejuvenated face requires daily sun care.

Negative consequences

After 2000, the phenol peeling formula was improved, and specialists developed the safest protocol for applying and neutralizing the product. But the toxicity of phenol remains a significant problem.

Hydroxybenzene is a toxic and poisonous substance (hazard class II). In large doses, it can cause paralysis of the respiratory center, cerebral hypoxia and heart failure.

Important! Phenol is a dangerous reagent, but modern protocols for its use are designed to minimize the possibility of penetration into the systemic circulation. Despite the high risk of potential side effects, when carried out correctly, the procedure is well tolerated, even by patients “in elegant age" Phenol peels have converted 40% of Western “stars” who are already over 50 years old.

The concentration of phenol in the blood depends on the following factors:

1. Surface area to be treated: the smaller the area, the lower the risk of toxicosis. Therefore, phenol is not used to treat stretch marks and stretch marks, although in all respects it is effective against this defect.
2. Concentration of the solution: the lower the percentage of phenol, the deeper the phenol penetrates, paradoxically.
3. Application speed. With interval exposure with breaks, toxic effects are minimized.

Precautions

A delicate nuance of phenol peeling is the fact that it is traditionally performed on older patients. After the age of 50, the regenerative potential of the skin is limited, and the internal organs cannot fully resist the toxic effects.

To do this, the beauty procedure must be carried out in an operating room with a drip, under pulse and breathing control.

The skin after peeling is also significantly different from untreated areas. According to the protocol, phenol peeling is contraindicated for use on the neck area due to the high risk of scarring. The skin of the neck is even more susceptible to age-related changes than the skin of the face. After restoration, there is a clear demarcation line between the face and neck, which looks completely unnatural. To smooth out the differences, the cervical area is corrected with glycolic peels or lifting care.

Contraindications for peeling:

• liver failure, since phenol is utilized in the liver;
• renal failure, since the breakdown products are finally excreted by the kidneys;
• heart rhythm disturbances, since phenol entering the bloodstream can cause arrhythmia and tachycardia;
• chronic and acute respiratory diseases;
• pregnancy, breastfeeding due to high toxicity;
• any violation of the integrity of the skin in the treated area.

Pros and cons

The undoubted advantage of the procedure is the effect of radical rejuvenation, evening out the color and texture of the face.

In cosmetology, all truly effective procedures are associated with potential risks. Due to side effects, phenol peeling is suggested to be prescribed only in extreme cases.

Non-toxic alternatives to phenol:

• the median effect is provided by peeling with trichloroacetic acid (TCA);
• The “gold standard” of medium anti-aging peeling is “yellow” or retinol peeling. It also provides prolonged action due to the thickening of the dermal layer;
• A good effect of smoothing and moisturizing the skin can be achieved by a course of superficial peelings with glycolic, mandelic or lactic acid.

Opinion of cosmetologists

Dermatologists recommend phenol as the maximum safe way treatment of lentigo. A malignant pigment spot usually occupies a small area and is treated without general anesthesia.

But for rejuvenation, experts advise assessing the risk and the desired effect. Also, phenol peeling is no longer used as an option for medium and superficial exfoliation.

For pregnant women, all acid peels are contraindicated; only enzyme formulations (with papain, for example) are allowed.

The cosmetologist advises considering alternative peeling options, and resorting to phenol only in the most extreme cases.

Phenol peeling is the most common cosmetic procedure for the face among women. Phytic peeling is a procedure during which the skin is treated with a composition based on phytic acid.

After the procedure, the skin becomes elastic and its imperfections are significantly reduced. Peeling is especially relevant for adult women suffering from rosacea.

Phenol peeling belongs to therapeutic cosmetology. Phenol carbolic acid is used in conjunction with a skin exfoliation complex.

Typical composition of phenol peeling: phenol, glycerin, propylene glycol, oil for accelerated absorption of the epidermis and carboxylic acid and distilled water.

Before doing phenol peeling, you first need to find an experienced specialist, a guru in his field. This procedure is highly toxic and is not performed without a preliminary medical examination of the kidneys, liver and cardiovascular system. Before performing phenol peeling, the anesthesiologist administers anesthesia. The procedure is performed with the presence of a cardiac monitor.

After the procedure, long-term rehabilitation of approximately one year is required. During this period, you need to “listen” to your body, as complications may arise that you should react to immediately and seek medical help.

Indications for the use of phenol peeling.

• significant age-related deformations;
• increased hyperpigmentation;
• scarring of tissue;
• presence of deep scars;
• deep wrinkles;
• significant skin damage due to acne;
• sagging skin.

Phenol peeling is effective in the world of cosmetology services. The skin is quickly smoothed out. However, this procedure cannot be classified as a surgical intervention, even in a rather decisive way. Medicine is injected into the skin only when small areas.
In modern cosmetology, phenol in the form of a low concentration solution is used as a resorption and cauterizing substance.

If a patient, as a rule, has a flaw on his face that brings deterioration to his life, then eliminating it in other ways is impossible, then an injection is an effective solution to the problem. In other cases, with the help of a cosmetologist, you should try to use alternative methods.

Psychological discomfort brings a person, first of all, reflection in the mirror. Sometimes, having done phenol peeling, just one procedure, you want to continue. Before starting any radical cosmetic procedures, an examination by a psychologist is required to ensure the client’s sanity.

Contraindications to the procedure

Contraindications are minors, pregnancy, breastfeeding, allergies to one of the components of the procedure, heart disease, cancer, hypersensitivity, the presence of burns on the skin, diabetes mellitus, menstruation, psychological disorders, fever, weather sensitivity, hypertrichosis, fungal infections, the presence numerous viruses, disruption of the epidermis, any trauma at the site of the intended treatment, kidney and liver disease, age after 60 years, as well as the use of isotretinoin in the previous six months before the procedure.

The procedure has positive and negative aspects compared to other types of peeling.

Positives:

• control of the amount of distribution of the composition;
• quick rejuvenating and healing effect, in comparison with other types of peelings;
• stable prolonging effect for seven to ten years;
• the ability to use the procedure only once.

Results of the phenol peeling procedure:

The results will not take long to appear - they appear instantly. Many women immediately like their reflection in the mirror. You will become more attractive and confident and 5-15 years younger. The skin becomes smoother, firmer, hydrated, brighter and softer. Excessive pigmentation is eliminated. Deep and fine wrinkles and scars disappear. The overall skin tone increases.

Negatives:

• the existence of a large number of contraindications;
• rehabilitation can reach one year;
• a long-term period of medical examination in preparation for the procedure;
• pre-peeling preparation;
• load on the kidneys, liver and cardiac system;
• soreness;
• anesthesia (for superficial exposure, local anesthetics are used, for deeper exfoliation, intravenous anesthesia is used);
• there must be the presence of a heart monitor;
• the possibility of severe complications.

Properties of phenol and its effects

Phenol is a carbolic acid in the simplest class of phenols. It has a powerful and long-lasting aroma.

Once on the skin, the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans and proteins begins, which serves as the main quality of elasticity, strength and firmness of the epidermis.

Phenol (carbolic acid) is recognized as a toxic substance. Penetrating through the skin, it passes through all the cells of the body and dissolves in them. After 10 minutes, phenol substances are already absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract and brain cells. The work of the central nervous system. There will be irritation in the respiratory tract, convulsions, and the skin may acquire a blue tint.

Carbolic acid is then absorbed into liver cells, where, under the influence of enzyme systemicity, it is broken down into harmless soluble metabolites, which are excreted from the body by the kidneys. Such mechanization of phenol elimination does not allow it to accumulate and demonstrate delayed toxicity.

It is generally accepted that no toxicity has been found when phenol is applied lightly to small areas of the face. The liver immediately neutralizes this substance.

When working with people, a cosmetologist must be friendly, and the number of his clients depends on how polite and courteous he is. A lot depends on the literacy of a cosmetologist. The main consultant when choosing medicinal cosmetics, who can give advice after examining the type of face, is he. When we come to an appointment, we immediately pay attention to the equipment, how advanced it is, and to the products that the cosmetologist will use.

The system of providing cosmetology care is carried out on the basis of the client’s voluntary acceptance of a course of treatment after receiving relevant information. It is based on personal interest in objective possibilities and its implementation. As a result, the patient will receive competent cosmetological care, a reliable effect, and the staff of the cosmetology office will receive authority and profit.

We will not always be young like we were at 20, time flies and changes. Even by resorting to this procedure, we will be rejuvenated, but it can only be used once. Each age has its pros and cons and this should be cherished. Be healthy and beautiful!

Phytin facial peeling

It has been established that phytic acid, along with a deep and very gentle cleansing and exfoliating effect, has the ability to inactivate the enzyme tyrosinase, the excessive production of which leads to hyperpigmentation.

Before the procedure, it is recommended to prepare the facial skin. It consists of applying a special gel with glycolic acid. Treatment must be carried out once a day for a week. For hyperpigmentation, the course should be increased to three weeks. It is also recommended to treat with a 15% solution of mandelic acid.

Phytin peeling consists of several successive stages. Initially, the skin is thoroughly cleansed using a toned lotion containing AHA and BHA acid. Next, various compositions are applied to the skin:

• glycolate for 10 minutes;
• phytic acid for 10-12 minutes.

Each session lasts about 40-50 minutes. To obtain a positive effect, phytin peeling is recommended to be performed 5-8 times, once every 1-2 weeks. The optimal number of sessions is determined by the cosmetologist, based on the characteristics of each woman’s skin.

Phytin peeling can be done at home. To do this, you need to purchase the appropriate cosmetics: lotion with alpha and beta hydroacids and peeling solution with phytic acid. The mask should be left on for no more than 15 minutes, optimally 5-10 minutes.

With the help of phytin peeling at home, the skin will acquire an even and healthy tone, become more elastic, firm, and scars and wrinkles will decrease.

Indications and contraindications

Phytin peeling is indicated in the following cases:

• for problem skin;
• in the presence of enlarged pores;
• with pigmentation;
• for aging skin;
• in the presence of small wrinkles;
• in the presence of scars;
• for dehydrated skin.

The procedure also helps reduce the number of blackheads and acne. Often used as a preparatory procedure before laser facial resurfacing or diamond peeling.

There are also contraindications to the use of peeling:

• pregnancy and lactation;
• diabetes mellitus;
• the presence of papillomas and molluscum contagiosum;
• infections;
• wounds and abrasions on the skin;
• oncology;
• eczema and psoriasis;
• herpes;
• renal, liver, heart and pulmonary failure.

Advantages and Disadvantages

Like any procedure, phytin peeling has certain advantages and disadvantages.

The advantages include:

• acquiring a healthy and even complexion;
• the skin becomes smooth and elastic;
• pigment spots are eliminated;
• the functioning of the sebaceous sweat glands improves;
• pores become smaller;
• has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects;
• promotes the production of elastin and collagen;
• reduces wrinkles;
• eliminates fish fish;
• moisturizes the skin.

Result of phytin facial peeling

Phytin peeling is very effective, suitable for different skin types, including sensitive skin, has no age restrictions, and does not require a rehabilitation period.

Despite many positive properties, phytin peeling also has disadvantages. These include:

• quite high cost;
• low effectiveness in eliminating acne and blackheads;
• During the procedure, a tingling sensation occurs, which is quite tolerable, but not very pleasant.

The disadvantages of phytin peeling include possible complications that may arise in individual women due to their individual characteristics of the body. Such problems include dehydration of the epidermis, the occurrence of uneven erythema, slight peeling of the skin for 1-2 days, swelling of the eyelids and neck, and allergic reactions.

However, such situations occur extremely rarely, since phytic acid is slightly biologically aggressive.

Cosmetologists consider peeling using phenol to be the gold standard of all anti-aging procedures. This is not without reason, because phenol peeling is a procedure whose effectiveness is confirmed by both scientific research by world-famous scientists and a large number of practical works. The results from its implementation are even equated to the results that can be obtained after plastic surgery.

The use of carbolic acid in cosmetology and types of phenol peeling

Carbolic acid (or phenol) when applied to the skin has the following effects:

• exfoliating – destroys the connections between corneocytes (horn cells) and thereby causes severe peeling of the skin;
• capillary-strengthening – phenol reduces the permeability of membranes and compacts them by lysis, which helps strengthen the vascular walls;
• anti-aging – inhibits the action of hyaluronidase (an enzyme that breaks down), thereby prolonging “inner” youth;
• anti-inflammatory – blocks inflammatory mediators, reducing signs of skin inflammation;
• antimicrobial – has a bactericidal effect, destroys all pathogenic microflora on the surface of the skin;
• regenerating – promotes the development of strong chemical burn, which starts the process of dividing new cells and independent skin.

Phenol is very toxic to the human body, therefore, in addition to it, peeling preparations also contain components that slow down its absorption:

• glycerol;
• distilled water;
• oil;
• propylene glycol.

Depending on the concentration of the main substance, peeling can be:

• mid-superficial (3% carbolic acid);
• median (25% acid);
• deep (more than 35% acid).

Features of the procedure

The mechanism of action of the deep chemical is quite simple: when applied to the skin, phenol helps to destroy the bonds between corneocytes, which causes severe peeling of the skin, activates the synthesis of skin proteins, resulting in the smoothing of wrinkles and improvement of the general condition of the skin. Carbolic acid penetrates right up to the papillary layer, provokes the development of a severe burn and thereby contributes to the complete reconstruction of the dermis and epidermis.

The danger of peeling is that phenol very quickly penetrates the skin barrier, enters the body (its absorption occurs in the intestines) and has a toxic effect on brain tissue. It causes dysfunction of the central nervous system, convulsions and irritation of the mucous membranes. From the intestines, phenolic acid enters the liver, where it is neutralized, and it is removed from the body by the kidneys. Experts recommend doing superficial and medium chemical peeling of the face, and using deep chemical peeling as rarely as possible, since rapid treatment of the skin with phenol leads to the fact that a lot of toxin enters the body and the internal organs cannot cope with its neutralization.

Indications:

• senile hyperkeratosis;
• hypertrophic scars.

What problems does it help solve?

With phenol peeling you can:

• normalize the functions of the epidermis and dermis;
• significantly improve the structure of the skin and its relief (it will become more even, smooth and elastic);
• eliminate age spots and wrinkles on the face;
• increase the overall tone of the skin;
• activate the body’s work at the microcirculatory and neural level.

Pre-peeling preparation

Preparing for the procedure involves performing the following steps:

• medical examinations - deep chemical peeling is recognized as a dermatosurgical procedure that can only be performed in a hospital and after a thorough medical examination of the liver, kidneys, and cardiovascular system;
• carrying out several pre-peelings (within 5 weeks before using phenol), which are performed with weak solutions fruit acids, in order to equalize the thickness of the stratum corneum;
• ten days before the peeling, the patient is prescribed antiherpetic drugs;
• stop using retinoid-based products six months before the procedure (both internal and external), as they enhance exfoliation of the epidermis and increase the depth of phenol penetration;
• refusal to use laser;
• stop going to the solarium (three months before peeling).

How is the procedure done?

The procedure consists of the following steps:

1. Intravenous (for deep effects) or local anesthesia is performed only by an anesthesiologist;
2. Makeup removal followed by drying the face (water increases the rate of penetration of phenol into the skin);
3. Additional degreasing of the skin with alcohol;
4. Applying carbolic acid to the face - do this with smooth strokes; with deep peeling, it is recommended to take a break for five minutes between treating individual areas (during this time the liver has time to neutralize phenol);
5. Neutralization of phenol with a special film mask, which is removed only after 48 hours;
6. Applying a cream with a high level of protection against ultraviolet rays.

The session lasts from 40 to 100 minutes (depending on the depth of exposure to phenol and the individual characteristics of the body). Course in depth and medium peeling consists of one procedure, the effect of which lasts for 5-10 years (superficial peeling is repeated two to three times with an interval of once every 1.5 months).

Video: "Main stages and results of the procedure"

Recovery period and post-peeling care

The skin restoration period lasts from 3 to 6 months. The first days after the session, the patient will experience severe burning and pain, which is recommended to be relieved with painkillers. Before removing the film mask (within 48 hours), it is necessary to prevent water from coming into contact with the skin; you cannot even brush your teeth (it is recommended to drink only through a straw).

After removing the film mask, the face is lubricated with an antiseptic and moisturizer. On the fourth day, the skin becomes covered with crusts, which fall off within two weeks. The redness will go away in about 1.5 months; throughout this period, the face should be lubricated with panthenol, a hyaluronic acid-based moisturizer and sunscreen. The final result can be assessed only after 6-8 months.

Phenol peeling: photos before and after the procedure

Possible complications and contraindications

Possible complications include:

• ectopia (deformation of the lower eyelid);
• scar formation (occurs due to improper post-peeling care);
• development of infections and inflammations;
• prolonged erythema (redness) of the skin, which disappears only after 4-5 months;
• severe burn (third degree), which will require lifelong skin protection from UV rays;
• exacerbation of skin diseases (acne, rosacea);
• the appearance of hyper- or depigmented zones;
• high risk of developing renal, liver and heart failure;
• decreased general immunity;
• the appearance of a demarcation line (the border between treated and untreated skin).

Contraindications:

• age under 18 and after 60 years;
• herpes;
• pregnancy and lactation period;
• severe diseases of the central nervous system;
• disorders of the liver and kidneys;
• menstruation;
• strong tan;
• violation of skin integrity;
• tendency to scarring;
• influenza, ARVI;
• infectious and fungal diseases of the skin;
• diabetes mellitus

What can you combine with?

Superficial phenol peeling can be done several weeks before the proposed facial plastic surgery; this will help shorten the recovery period after surgery, because carbolic acid activates the processes of internal regeneration and restoration of the skin.

Biorevitalization (injection of drugs containing hyaluronic acid under the patient’s skin). Preparations based on this acid improve the functioning of fibroblasts and allow you to preserve the results of the procedure for a long time.

Botox or Dysport injections. Injection of botulinum toxin helps to relax the facial muscles, which in itself already helps to smooth out wrinkles, and phenol enhances this effect.

Estimated cost

Phenol peeling, without exaggeration, will give better anti-aging results than any other type of peeling, however, its toxicity causes mistrust in many patients of cosmetology clinics. But you shouldn’t worry, because following all the rules of the procedure and choosing the right doctor allows you to get an excellent result.

Women use it to transform their appearance different ways. Phenol peeling is one of the methods of cleansing without surgery. This procedure is complex and painful, but the excellent lasting effect will definitely please you. According to cosmetologists, there is no more permanent chemical peeling yet. More details about the procedure are described in the article.

General information

Phenol peeling is in an efficient way chemical skin cleansing. With this procedure, you can not only transform your face, eliminate deep wrinkles and scars, but also ensure the sustainability of the effect for 5-10 years. The essence of the session involves cauterizing problem areas of the epidermis with phenol. This leads to the removal of dead cells, smoothing of the skin and regeneration throughout the entire surface.

Phenol or carbolic acid is a chemical component that became known in 1863. It began to be used in medicine as a disinfectant to eliminate acne. It was only in the 1990s of the twentieth century that carboxylic acid began to be used for peeling. According to reviews, this procedure is now performed in many salons.

Phenol peeling is a dangerous and painful method, but also effective. The procedure has a lasting result. Judging by the reviews, cosmetologists have different opinions about this treatment. Some believe that it should not be used on the skin, while others claim it is effective in combating aging and age-related problems.

In fact, both opinions are correct. It was found that phenol leads to the death of the patient if its level in the blood is more than 0.23 mg/ml; in smaller quantities the component causes arrhythmia. For phenol peeling, phenol with a minimum of toxic substances is used, so it does not cause death. In addition, the composition is applied slowly to protect against the accumulation of a potent component in the blood. Positive Feedback patients and specialists confirm that for about 10 years after the procedure, the skin remains elastic, toned and young.

Compound

Phenol facial peeling is carried out using a special product. The main active ingredient is phenol. The concentration of the component can be in the range of 3-35%, it all depends on the level of the epidermal problem that needs to be eliminated.

The addition of oil allows you to accelerate the absorption of phenol by the skin. An additional component of the product used may be liquid glycerin, propylene glycol and distilled water.

Species

There are 3 types of procedures:

1. Mid-superficial. The concentration of the active component is 3%.
2. Medium phenol peeling. The concentration of carbolic acid can reach up to 25%.
3. Deep phenol peeling. This procedure is performed very rarely. The composition contains 35% phenol, which allows for strong phenolic pilin. Deep facial peeling is prescribed only after a thorough medical examination of the patient.

The procedure is considered painful and is performed under general anesthesia. It is necessary to notify the cosmetologist if you are allergic to drugs used for anesthesia or peeling.

When is it performed?

Phenol peeling will cleanse and rejuvenate the skin. Peeling is carried out using chemical exposure composition on the skin. The procedure is necessary when:

1. Disadvantages of facial relief - deep wrinkles, stretch marks, scars.
2. Severe aging of the skin, loss of turgor and tone.
3. Symptoms of photoaging of the epidermis.
4. Hyperpigmentation on the face, sunburn marks.
5. Consequences of acne, demodicosis.
6. Dermatological ailments.

According to reviews, phenol facial peeling quickly brings positive results. The procedure allows you to renew the skin, make it soft and elastic. The face becomes smooth and firm. Active synthesis of collagen and elastin is also launched, so the effect will be noticeable for ten years.

Results

Photos before and after phenol peeling allow you to verify the excellent results of the procedure. And it comes quickly. Peeling has a positive effect on skin cells and leads to stimulation of internal processes, including collagen production. Reviews confirm the excellent transformation after the procedure.

Having performed such rejuvenation, the following changes are observed:

1. Cell recovery is accelerated.
2. Elasticity and firmness of skin fibers are restored.
3. Active functioning of cells.
4. Disappearance age spots.
5. Evens out the tone of the skin, making it look fresh and youthful.
6. Smoothing of facial relief, disappearance of wrinkles, scars, post-acne.
7. Tightness of the facial contour.
8. Intensity of the lifting effect.

Thanks to these positive properties, many people choose phenol peeling. Reviews from experts confirm that the excellent effect is associated with the complexity of the procedure.

When not to do it?

A procedure using phenol requires a serious approach, so before carrying out the procedure, the cosmetologist checks the client’s health status. Peeling should not be performed if:

1. Diseases of the heart, blood vessels, failures in the liver and kidneys.
2. Oncology, neoplasms.
3. Intolerance to the components of the product.
4. Presence of damage in the affected area.
5. Pregnancy.
6. Lactation.
7. Risk of keloid scars.
8. Herpes, cold rashes.
9. Taking medications - acetylsalicylic acid, aspirin. If this rule is violated, overload of the liver and intoxication of the body are likely.

Phenol peeling cannot be performed even if there are age restrictions. It should not be performed before the age of 18 or after 60. In some situations with significant problems, this criterion is reviewed by a cosmetologist.

Removing phenol from the body

When agreeing to perform a rejuvenation session, you should keep in mind that the procedure is toxic and, if used incorrectly, can lead to poisoning and serious complications. Therefore, before this, a thorough examination of the person is carried out.

The body neutralizes and removes toxins on its own; no additional medications are required. Phenol enters the liver in the blood, where it is neutralized and then eliminated naturally. The toxin cannot accumulate and is not a threat to human life. For maximum safety, phenolic acid is used locally on the problem itself - wrinkles, scars, acne.

Preparation

How to look younger with phenol peeling? It is performed in several stages, each of them is important. First you need preparation. To ensure that the procedure goes without complications, the following rules must be followed:

1. 6 months before peeling, you must stop procedures that involve exposure to a laser beam. It is important to avoid taking retinoid medications.
2. Tanning and sunbathing should be avoided for 3 months before cleaning.
3. 1-1.5 months before this, bleaching agents prescribed by your doctor should be applied to the skin.
4. You should take antioxidants for 2-3 weeks.
5. A week before the session, you need to finish using scrubs, mechanical facial cleansing, shaving and hair removal.
6. Herpes medications are prescribed 7-10 days in advance.
7. Before the session itself, you must undergo a medical examination.

Executing the procedure

How to do phenol facial peeling? On the appointed date, after preparation, the cosmetologist begins to perform phenolic peeling:

1. The skin is cleansed of cosmetics, dirt, sweat and fat. Treatment is carried out with an alcohol solution.
2. Local anesthesia is administered to the treated area.
3. Then they begin peeling from problem areas, gradually moving to sensitive areas. Usually the forehead is treated first, and then the cheeks, the area around the mouth and eyes, nose, and chin. The product is distributed intermittently to prevent the accumulation of phenol in the blood.
4. Then phenolic acid is neutralized. To do this, a film is applied to the involved part, and after a while, fusible wax is applied.
5. Finally, sunscreen is applied to the skin.

When choosing a clinic to perform a peel, you should consider the severity of the procedure. You should read the reviews of patients who have undergone such treatment. It is important to find out about the availability of certificates and permits for procedures. The health of patients depends on the skills of specialists.

Nuances

It is important to know what happens to the component when it enters the body and how is it eliminated? As stated, phenol is a toxic component that breaks down into its components, so it must be remembered that it must be neutralized and removed from the patient’s body.

Initially, it penetrates the intestines and breaks down into 2 components, and then is absorbed into the liver, where the body modifies it, turning it into a safe and water-soluble component. It is then eliminated by the kidneys. This process will not allow it to stay in the body for a long time and affect the functioning of internal organs. It turns out that the less phenol is used during the session, the less it penetrates the body.

Area of ​​leather treated

Since the component is absorbed into the human body through the skin. Its concentration depends on how much of the solution is applied. The area being treated is also important.

According to reviews from experts, they advise performing superficial peeling, and deep peeling only in exceptional cases. This is no coincidence. For example, rapid processing with 2 percent phenol can cause death, since a lot of the substance enters the body and the internal organs cannot cope with the processing.

The studies carried out confirm that the component should be applied slowly. It is also important that not the entire face should be treated, but problem areas. Then phenol will not be toxic, so it will not be able to negatively affect the body.

To others important nuance, which should be taken into account before performing peeling, are the characteristics of the body and the functioning of organs - liver, kidneys, heart. Enzyme systems remove phenol from the body. And if the systems perform their functions poorly, they may not survive. Taking into account the reviews of doctors, tests and medical examinations are required to confirm that there is no great risk to health from the procedure.

At home

In order not to lead to negative consequences, during the session it is necessary to observe safety measures and high sterility. Therefore, phenol peeling at home is not allowed. This can cause severe burns, infection with staphylococci and intoxication of the body. The procedure should only be performed by a professional in a qualified center.

Recovery

After peeling, when the anesthesia wears off, an acid burn can lead to pain and burning, so the cosmetologist prescribes painkillers. He also gives recommendations on the rules of rehabilitation:

1. On the 1st day, skin contact with water should not be allowed. You must drink through a straw.
2. On the 2nd day you can remove the wax film. Along with it, dead cells, keratinized layers and wrinkles, and scars are eliminated. There will be red skin underneath the film. Usually there is a feeling of tightness and roughness, so an antiseptic is applied to the epidermis. If necessary, an analgesic and moisturizer are used. Some cosmetologists advise using panthenol during this period.
3. Panthenol is applied to the skin for up to 10-14 days. The crusts that appear should not be torn off, as they are removed on their own. You should not use decorative cosmetics.
4. During rehabilitation, you should take antioxidants, vitamins A, C, and sunscreen SPF 50 and higher should be applied to your skin.
5. After 3 weeks, the skin will be transformed, but you must wait until the final recovery. After removing the crusts, you can apply moisturizers natural remedies. Recovery is completed in 6-12 months.

This is how the procedure works in a professional setting. According to experts, following all stages allows you to get excellent results.

Complications

Failure to follow the rules for preparing and caring for the skin after cleansing or violating the norms of the procedure leads to negative effects. After phenol peeling, the following is likely to occur:

1. Hyperpigmentation. This gradually goes away, it all depends on the type and structure of the skin.
2. Deformations, sagging of the lower eyelid.
3. Chemical burn marks, usually around the lips and eyes.
4. Redness on the face that does not disappear for up to 4 months.
5. Increased herpes, manifestations of infections.
6. Problems in the functioning of the heart and kidneys.
7. There was a noticeable difference in areas that were treated compared to undisturbed areas.

The procedure results in firmer skin without surgery. Taking into account the reviews, before agreeing to have it, you should familiarize yourself with the pros and cons, as well as undergo an examination and prepare for a long recovery.

Pros and cons

Like any other procedure, phenol peeling has advantages and disadvantages. The advantages include:

1. Effectiveness of the result.
2. Careful control of the use of the composition.
3. Preservation of the anti-aging effect for 7-10 years.
4. Restoring the functions of the epidermis, improving its structure.
5. Elimination of pigmentation, freckles, scars, deep wrinkles.
6. Smoothing out wrinkles.
7. Increased skin tone.
8. Activation of body systems.

The disadvantages include:

1. Presence of contraindications.
2. Long-term rehabilitation. Even with superficial peeling, it is at least 2 weeks.
3. The complexity of the preparation, which consists of a lengthy medical examination.
4. The procedure is painful for the excretory and cardiovascular systems.
5. Anesthesia is required. If the procedure is superficial and median, then local anesthesia is needed, and for a deep procedure, intravenous anesthesia is required.
6. Risk of complications.

It should be borne in mind that phenol reacts with medications, so it is important to follow the advice of the specialist who carried out the cleansing. According to professionals, the postoperative period is important.

Precaution

Since the procedure has many contraindications, it is advisable to consult a dermatologist or cosmetologist about its implementation. This is especially important for those who have acute or chronic skin diseases.

In addition to contraindications, side effects should be taken into account, which should be reported to the cosmetologist. After the procedure, the following is likely to occur:

• increased allergies;
• exacerbation of herpetic disease;
• loss of skin pigment production function.

In addition, with tanned or dark skin, a visually distinguishable boundary between the untreated skin and the part that has been treated may appear. The cosmetologist should warn the patient about all and other nuances.

Although there are many contraindications and side effects, the safety of the procedure is still at a high level. If you perform this peeling once, your skin will remain young and fresh for several years. Judging by the reviews, many women managed to appreciate the benefits of such cleansing from personal experience.

Price

What is the price of phenol peeling? The cost depends on many factors - region, status of the professional center. The type of procedure also matters. The cost of phenol facial peeling (superficial) is about 3,000 rubles. For the middle one you will have to pay 12,000 rubles. And the price of phenol facial peeling (deep) is 25,000 rubles. Reviews say that you should not be tempted by too low a price. It may be due to insufficient qualifications of the technician, savings on sterilization of instruments and equipment, or the use of low-quality drugs and materials.

Thus, phenol peeling is one of effective procedures rejuvenation If it is carried out in a professional environment and by a specialist, then you can expect positive results.

There are various anti-aging cosmetic procedures. Most of them combine two directions of action: external exfoliation, which smoothes out the existing unevenness and folds on the skin, as well as internal activation of metabolic processes, the production of elastin and collagen, that is, an increase in turgor.

These functions are performed by various peelings. The effect of pronounced rejuvenation can be achieved by those that belong to the category of middle and deep ones, since they have a more intense effect on the dermis than superficial ones. Phenol peeling is considered one of the most effective in the fight against signs of aging, which has existed for a long time, but, despite high competition, is still in great demand to this day, although it involves serious interference with the body’s activities.

The essence of peeling

Phenol (carbolic acid) was previously used in medicine, for example, it was used by doctors to clean their hands before operations. But later the irreparable harm it causes to the body was proven this substance. It penetrates very quickly through the skin into the body and in case of overdose can even lead to death.

But it is carbolic acid that is still used in cosmetology as one of the alternatives to pronounced rejuvenation without surgical intervention. The dose of the substance, as well as its correct application, allows you to avoid harmful effects on internal organs, but to carry out a controlled burn of the epidermis, which will completely renew the top layer of skin.

Phenol is distinguished by its ability to be almost instantly absorbed, as well as by its aggressive effect: passing through the skin tissue, it dissolves everything that comes in its way, including collagen fibers, after which the cells begin to rapidly regenerate, creating a new, healthy and elastic layer.

In general, depending on the concentration of the drug, peeling can be deep, medium or superficial. Most often it is used in the first two options, but both of them are very serious procedures that require both special pre-peeling preparation and special skills on the part of a specialist.

Indications, contraindications

This procedure differs from other chemical peels in that it is essentially a last resort, that is, it is used in cases where the client’s age is no longer suitable for more gentle procedures (over 40 years old) or there are contraindications for other types of deep effects, for example, laser resurfacing.

Thus, indications for phenol peeling can be considered serious. age-related changes that cannot be eliminated in any other way, namely:

• pronounced wrinkles;
• strong pigmentation;
• sagging skin;
• the presence of obvious scars, including post-operative scars;
• other defects that spoil the appearance of the skin.

Once in the body, carbolic acid is excreted through the kidneys and liver, poisoning them. But in small doses, these organs are able to neutralize the negative effects, but this will only happen when they are fully operational. That is why before carrying out phenol peeling it is necessary to undergo a complete examination of the body.

The reason why phenol peels, despite being such a risky and complex procedure, still remain popular today is because of the amazing results. Very rarely, women are dissatisfied with the peeling performed. In other cases, a pronounced lifting effect, getting rid of pigmentation and a network of wrinkles are especially noted.

This determines the presence of an extensive list of contraindications, including:

• various chronic diseases of the liver and kidneys;
• problems related to the nervous system;
• malfunction of the thyroid gland;
• age up to 18 years (in practice, as already mentioned, this procedure is carried out only in mature age, the number of exceptions is very small);
• a large number of moles on the face;
• diabetes mellitus;
• pregnancy and lactation;
• oncological diseases;
• individual intolerance to peeling components and much more.

Doctor consultation in in this case is mandatory, since only a complete picture of the state of health will help to draw a conclusion about the admissibility of peeling with carbolic acid.

At the same time, one should also take into account the fact that the time period during which such peeling can be done has not only a lower limit (35–40 years), but also an upper limit (60–65 years), since the ability of the liver to remove harmful substances from the body.

Description of the procedure

So why, despite all the riskiness of this procedure, does it still remain popular? There are actually several reasons.

Firstly, the results after it are truly amazing. The changes are noticeable to the naked eye, even deep wrinkles are smoothed out, the oval of the face is tightened, and age-related pigmentation disappears.

Secondly, the procedure has a prolonged effect. It can last up to 10 years, sometimes even longer, but this depends on the individual characteristics of the dermis.

Thirdly, unlike many other peelings, this type involves a one-time repetition, and not a course, that is, you do not have to do it multiple times to achieve a full result.

Deep phenol peeling should be carried out exclusively by a competent specialist and under the supervision of doctors, including an anesthesiologist.

At the same time, there are moments that can be called negative traits phenol peeling:

• it is painful;
• requires long-term rehabilitation;
• has a very high cost (up to 100 thousand);
• the full result will not be noticeable immediately, but only about a year after the session;
• the procedure permanently eliminates the possibility of sunbathing;
• may lead to unpredictable consequences.

It is important to note that deep and medium phenol peeling cannot be performed at home. And among the superficial ones there are safer and more effective options.

Let's talk about the peeling process itself, since it differs from all other acid procedures and has many nuances.

There is a preliminary stage, which begins on average 7–10 days before the peeling itself. Experts usually advise starting to take acyclovir at this time, as it helps to avoid herpes, which may appear during the rehabilitation stage.

The following rules must also be observed:

• do not sunbathe for at least 3 months before the procedure;
• do not do medium and deep peelings or skin resurfacing for six months;
• do not take vitamin A orally for six months;
• refuse any trauma to the epidermis (cleaning, waxing, etc. for 10 days).

Directly during the peeling session, the cosmetologist prepares the skin for further exposure, treating it with a hard sponge and a special soap solution to ensure a surface of uniform thickness and cleanliness for further controlled burns.

Anesthesia is then applied. Moreover, it can be different. The sensations from a mid-peel, when the percentage of acid is not too high, are tolerable, and lidocaine (in an ointment or spray) will help to tolerate them. But the deep version requires the presence of an anesthesiologist and devices that control heartbeat and breathing, as it is performed under general anesthesia.

The peculiarity of carbolic acid is that in large quantities it seriously harms the body, and in small quantities it can be successfully excreted by the liver and kidneys. That is why the composition is not applied to the entire face at once. First, one area is treated, after about 5–7 minutes the next one, etc. Often, specialists do not apply the product to the entire face, but only to problem areas, in order to reduce the effect of phenol on the body.

After the phenol is distributed over the skin, it is covered on top with a special mask-film, and that, in turn, is covered with a neutralizing agent. At this point, the stage carried out in the salon ends.

Before deciding on such a serious procedure, you need to carefully study all the information and think about the rehabilitation period, which can last up to a year, and during all this time the skin will not look its best

The mask remains on the face for the next 24 hours. At this time, it is necessary to exclude any contact of the skin with water, even minimal, so you will have to drink not from cups, but exclusively through a straw. At the moment, pain most often persists, which can be reduced with the help of painkillers.

After a day, the mask is removed from the face, and along with it the keratinized particles. As a result, only a burn remains, that is, red, slightly swollen skin, which then begins to crust and peel off. The process will last up to two weeks, during which it is better to stay at home. All this time, it is necessary to follow the skin care regimen drawn up by the cosmetologist. It usually includes the application of healing agents.

Under no circumstances should peelings be torn off. When they stop completely, the redness will still be present. It lasts on average up to two months from the moment of phenol peeling. Full restoration of normal appearance may take from 6 months to a year. At this time, the skin will be looser, thinner, more transparent, and the pores may be enlarged.

Among the positive changes:

• powerful lifting effect;
• smoothing wrinkles;
• getting rid of acne;
• elimination of pigmentation.

That is, a complete anti-aging transformation of the skin occurs, accompanied by the removal of all associated imperfections.

After peeling with carbolic acid, the cosmetologist may also prescribe special lifelong facial care, including:

• constant use of creams with SPF;
• use of products with retinoids and vitamin C;
• application or injection of hyaluronic acid.

Possible complications

The correct technology for applying phenol eliminates its harmful effects on the body, but, however, in essence, the procedure burns the surface layer of the skin. And further recovery will depend only on the individual characteristics of the body. This may include certain complications, such as:

• the appearance of areas where there is no pigment;
• the occurrence of allergic reactions;
• heart, liver or kidney failure;
• increased sensitivity of the epidermis;
• exacerbation of dermatological diseases;
• hyperpigmentation;
• atrophy of the skin;
• herpes, etc.

And it is impossible to predict the likelihood of a particular reaction occurring. And they may not appear immediately, so not everyone realizes that any phenomenon turned out to be a consequence of phenol peeling. That is why it is extremely important to undergo a preliminary examination of the body. But, unfortunately, even this is not a guarantee.

Thus, phenol peeling is the most difficult cosmetic procedure, which is performed under anesthesia and requires special training of a cosmetologist. It is done once and exclusively in adulthood, it has a powerful lifting effect. But such rejuvenation, although indeed very effective, is very dangerous, so it is necessary to carefully weigh the pros and cons before deciding on such a manipulation.