In order to feel like a professional in the art of knitting, you need certain knowledge. Only when all the requirements are met will the item fit perfectly on the figure. One of the techniques that allows you to beautifully design details is knitting in short rows. Craftswomen create real masterpieces using shortened rows.
This knitting technique is used in several cases:
In the descriptions you can find some other names for this method, which can mislead beginners. The term short rows can be replaced by the concepts of “partial knitting” and “turn knitting”.
In any case, you need to remember that this is the same technique. If we analyze these names, we will become clear that when working, the next row (hereinafter referred to as R.) will be made a little shorter than the previous one. Or so - in the next one you need to knit part of the previous one. The rest of the loops remain unknitted. It should be noted that the partial method technique also includes increased R. But in this article we will consider only the first option.
Practical implementation
A master class with step-by-step explanations or a video can help you understand the new method of shortening R. The meaning of the method is that a curved line, bevel or bulge in the fabric occurs due to knitting incomplete rows without decreasing and closing the loops with knitting needles. All unknitted loops remain open. Work continues as usual if there is a bulge on the canvas. Otherwise, you can carefully connect separately connected parts. For this purpose, a knitted seam is used, which preserves the aesthetics of the connection.
Video: Invisible transition in short rows
Partial knitting methods
Partial knitting can be done in several ways. The first one, which we will consider, is performed using yarn overs. First, the place where the shortened rows will be made is determined:
The first R. is facial. We turn the fabric, make a yarn over, then knit until it turns. On the front side we begin to shorten. We return the number of loops to the original value - knit the first loop and yarn over together:
If shortened R. are needed on the wrong side, do this:
Yarn over, then knit R. Turn the fabric, knit purl to the yarn over.
To make the connection unnoticeable, you need to remove the yarn over on the right knitting needle and be sure to turn over the next purl one. We return the yarn over to the left knitting needle and knit it together with the unfolded loop. If you do not unfold it, the design on the front side of the canvas will be disrupted:
The second method is partial knitting with an entwined loop. Having reached the marked place of rotation, remove the next loop after the mark on the right knitting needle. Behind it, we pull the working thread forward, then return the loop to its original place. Now turn the canvas and continue working. We start the next knit like this.
Now let's look at this method from the inside out. Having reached the desired place, remove the next loop and thread the working thread behind the fabric:
Turn the knitting. The main working thread is positioned as usual for work. When in the process we reach the entwined loop, we need to turn it and now the two together behind the back wall:
Performed using the simplest method
To choose the most appropriate method, you need to familiarize yourself with all the possible ones. In this case, make a uniform reduction in the number of loops (in our example - 3 each). We knit to the point of turning, leaving the calculated number (3) unknitted, turn the knitting and perform the second R. to the end. Turn again - and now 6 remain unknitted. Next time - 9, and so on. The result is an even bevel that looks very neat.
Any master class on this topic clearly explains this method. All that remains is to choose a convenient option.
Video master class on the topic of shortened rows
We invite you to watch video lessons on the topic.
Photo MK
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This technique is used to discreetly knit additional rows into a knitted fabric, which allows for soft curves or darts. Shortened rows are rows that are knitted only partially before turning the work. Before turning, the penultimate loop must be wrapped with thread so that holes do not form at the turns. In the next row, the wrapped loop must be knitted together with the thread wrapping it. 1. To wrap a knit stitch, slip the next stitch onto the right needle as if purling. Bring the yarn forward between the needles. 2. Return the stitch to the left needle. Turn the work, bring the yarn forward or back (depending on whether you are knitting or purling) to complete the loop wrap. Knit the row to the end. |
Here's what I used from Vogue Knitting on the subject of short rows:
Face
1.Working thread for knitting. Transfer the loop from the left needle to the right without knitting as a purl.
2. Move the working thread forward between the knitting needles.
3. Transfer the unknitted loop from the right knitting needle back to the left. Turn the work and move the working thread to the wrong side between the knitting needles.
One loop is "wrapped". When all the shortened rows are completed in the front row, we knit to the “wrapped” loop. Insert the right needle under the “wrap” and into the wrapped stitch at the same time and knit them together.
Wrong side
1.Working thread before knitting. Transfer the loop from the left needle to the right without knitting, like a purl stitch.
2. Move the working thread back between the knitting needles.
3. Transfer the unknitted loop from the right knitting needle back to the left. Turn the work and move the working thread to the wrong side between the knitting needles. One loop is "wrapped". When all the shortened rows are made in the purl row, knit to the “wrapped” loop. Insert the right knitting needle from behind under the “wrap” and lift it onto the left knitting needle. Knit the “wrapper” together with the purl loop.
Method partial knitting or short rows
When it is necessary for one side knitted product was longer than the other, they usually resort to knitting shortened rows. Shortened rows are rows that are not knitted to the end, that is, in order for the row to be shortened, the work is turned before the end of the row, and after turning, the same loops are knitted again that were just knitted. As a result, there are many more rows on one side of the canvas than on the other. This technique is also called partial or rotary knitting.
Figure 1 shows a pattern for knitting a dart, when shortened rows are knitted on one side; such rows are made for darts on women's blouses, on the back of children's trousers, when knitting berets and flared skirts. Figure 2 shows a pattern of shortened rows on both sides of knitting. Such rows are knitted to obtain convex parts of the product, for example, to give a characteristic shape to the heels on the toes. Here, in each shortened row, one less loop is knitted and then, in order to “turn the heel,” one more loop is knitted in each row until the original net loops are cast on.
When, when turning the work, all the loops are knitted on top of each other, holes are formed between the loops. They can be left as part of the pattern if the pattern is openwork, or hidden by using the knitting method described below with entwined loops.
Let's take a closer look at how to make short rows in the front row and hide the holes:
1 Knit facial threads to the turning point. Without knitting, slip the next stitch onto the right needle, as in knitting, and bring the thread forward to the right side of the work between the knitting needles (Fig. 3).
2 Move the removed loop back to the left knitting needle, and move the thread back and keep it at work, as in knitting. Turn the work as if you had knitted to the end of the row. The removed loop will be entwined and there will be a long constriction around it (Fig. 4). Then knit with purl stitches.
When you knit the knit stitches above the turn and the constriction stitch on the next row, you must knit the knit stitch together with the constriction stitch. This will be done in more detail as follows: knit the fabric up to the entwined loop, then pass the right knitting needle under the constriction along with the loop (Fig. 5) and knit them together.
Now let's look at how to make short rows in the purl row and hide the holes:
1 Knit purl stitches to the point of turning without knitting, then slip the next stitch onto the right knitting needle, as in purl knitting, and move the thread forward to the front side of the work between the knitting needles (Fig. 6).
2 Transfer the removed loop back to the left knitting needle, and move the thread back and hold it behind the work, as in knitting, then turn the work, as if you were knitting to the end of the row. The removed loop will be entwined and there will be a long constriction around it (Fig. 7). Next knit with purl stitches.
When you purl the stitches over the turn and overstitch on the next row, you insert the right needle behind the back wall of the loop formed by the yarn and move it onto the left needle. Next we purl the loop together with the constriction.
Such shortened rows can also be used for “horizontal arrows” (Fig. 9), shoulder or other bevels (Fig. 10) and when connecting parts of different densities (Fig. 11).
"Horizontal Arrows"(Fig. 9) is a convenient opportunity to use the ability to knit short rows to give the details of clothing a more tight-fitting or simply original shape. To do this, you need to knit from the edge of the fabric, i.e. from the side seam to the tip of the “arrow”. Then turn and knit to the third or fourth loop (depending on the angle) from the edge of the fabric. Knit in this way and in each front row, each time knitting 3-4 loops further from the side seam, until you get an “arrow” of the required depth. Next, knit along all the loops.
Shoulder bevels (Fig. 10) are also formed using shortened rows. If you close all the loops several by one, without knitting to one of the edges, the edge of the fabric on the shoulder section will turn out to be stepped. To prevent this from happening, you can turn the work in front of the loops that need to be closed for the shoulder bevel, and repeat this procedure in each row in which the loops are closed. As a result, all the loops will form a bevel and end up on the knitting needle; now they can be closed in one step.
Connect parts(Figure 11), knitted with patterns With rows of different densities, short rows will help. For example. you can easily connect a garter stitch sown with the front of a cardigan knitted in stockinette stitch. You will need to knit six rows of garter stitch for every four rows of stockinette stitch. Having finished the row at the end of the garter knitting, you need to turn and knit with garter knitting, then turn again and knit the garter stitches with knit stitches, turn again and knit them in the reverse row as well. After this, continue knitting on all the loops from a distance.
Pay attention to how the second row is knitted after the “wrapping”
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Short rows, or also called partial knitting, are used when inside a knitted part it is necessary to obtain rows of different lengths to give the fabric a certain shape. Thanks to the technique of knitting in short rows, it becomes possible to form a round neckline, eliminating the need to secure loops and cast on new ones along the edge.
Used to make bevels, necklines, and horizontal darts. You can also make bulges, for example, when knitting the bottoms of sweaters.
The essence of shortened rows is that the row is not knitted to the end and the knitting is turned around and knitted in the opposite direction. At the same time, in order to get a smooth transition and the absence of a hole at the turning point, you must follow the turning rule and clearly monitor which knit or purl loops you see on your knitting needles at the turning point.
This is a method of knitting short rows with a “wrap”.
Stocking knitting.
With this knitting, one side of the knit is knitted with knit stitches and the other side is knitted with purl stitches.
If, when knitting a product, it becomes necessary to knit shortened rows with the knitting turned both on the front side and on the wrong side, then you must strictly follow the rule of turning on the face or on the wrong side.
We determine the place of the turn according to the knitting pattern and, having knitted to this place, depending on how the knitting lies in front of us, makes a turn for this side.
Face
1. Working thread for knitting. Transfer the loop from the left needle to the right without knitting it as a knit stitch.
2. Move the working thread forward between the knitting needles.
One loop will be "wrapped".
4. We knit the reverse purl row to the cone.
5. Knit the front row to the “wrapped” loop. Insert the right knitting needle under the “wrap” and into the wrapped loop at the same time and knit them together using the bottom segment.
Wrong side
1. Working thread before knitting. Transfer the loop from the left needle to the right without knitting, like a purl stitch.
2. Move the working thread back between the knitting needles.
3. Transfer the unknitted loop from the right needle back to the left. Turn the work and move the working thread to the wrong side between the knitting needles.
One loop will be "wrapped".
4. Knit the reverse front row to the end.
5. We knit a purl row to the “wrapped” loop. Insert the right knitting needle from behind under the “wrap” and lift it onto the left knitting needle. Knit a “wrap” together with a purl stitch.
This is how ONE shortened row is knitted.
When knitting a dart, you need to perform several turns at once in one row, starting from the extreme end, for example, every 3-4 loops. That is, you need to repeat steps 1-3 several times in one row. We tie the row to the end. And when knitting the reverse row, we apply the rule according to point 5 at the place of each turn.
I further call knitting in the opposite direction according to point 5 “closing turns.”
Here is a VERY WELL description of knitting short rows using this method with pictures:
http://www.kroshe.ru/view_sposob.php?id=13
If your pattern at the turning point is made with garter knitting (back and forth knitting with knit stitches), then at the turning point you should apply the rule of turning the FRONT side.
There are other ways to knit short rows.
Short rows tend to strike fear into the hearts of the uninitiated, but as with all things knitting, there's really nothing difficult about it.
Short rows are used to create triangles or wedges in knitting, and they are also used to form rounded edges. They form everything: from darts on the chest to “ears” on a hat with earflaps.
There are several ways to make short rows. The main method is that the row is not knitted to the end. You knit to a certain point and perform an action called "wrap and turn" (turning the stitch and turning the knitting), and then continue knitting the other way until the end of the row or to the point where you need to wrap and turn again. There are certain differences in making short rows on the front and back sides.
So see how it's done.
Working short rows using the Wrap and Turn method on the right side
Step 1. The working thread remains behind the work. Slip the first stitch on the left needle onto the right needle as a purl stitch (that is, inserting the right needle into it from right to left).
Step 2. Move the working thread so that it is in front of the work as for knitting a purl loop.
Step 3. Move the previously slipped stitch on the right needle back to the left needle.
Step 4. Move the working thread back behind the work as for knitting. knit loop.
Step 5. Turn the knitting to the wrong side to continue working. Knit purl stitches.
Working short rows using the Wrap and Turn method on the wrong side
Step 1. The working thread is located in front of the work. Slip the first stitch on the left needle onto the right needle as a purl (that is, inserting the right needle into it from right to left).
Step 2. Move the working thread behind the work as for knitting a knit stitch.
Step 3. Return the previously removed stitch from the right needle to the left one.
Step 4. Place the working yarn back before working as for knitting a purl stitch.
Step 5. Turn the knitting over to the other side to continue working. Knit facial loops.
After you have completed a short row, you will see gaps in the knit fabric where the wrapped stitches are. To correct this, when knitting the next row, you need to “pick up” the wrapping loops and knit them together with the one they wrap. To avoid confusion, note that the stitch that is on the left needle is called “wrapped” (it is wrapped by another loop), and the one that is located around it is called “wrapped” (it wraps another loop). It is not initially located on the spoke.
Knitting a wrapped stitch on the right side
Step 1: Pick up the wrap stitch with the right needle from front to back.
Step 2: Next, insert the right needle into the wrapped stitch on the left needle.
Step 3: Knit these two stitches together.
Knitting a wrapped peli on the wrong side
Step 1: Pick up the wrap stitch by inserting the right needle from back to front.
Step 2: Place a wrap stitch on the left needle, draping it over the stitch you were wrapping.
Step 3: Purl these two stitches together.
This post is essentially an addition to the post about that. At the request of some site visitors, I will finally show you how to knit garter stitch in short rows. Or, more simply put, how to properly make turns in garter stitch.
Traditionally, in the descriptions they write something like “turn the work”, without mentioning how to turn the work correctly so that a large hole does not form at the place of this very turn. I’ll tell you exactly how to turn the work correctly, or rather I’ll show you in a photo and video lesson. So, garter stitch in short rows!
Let's first just learn how to knit short rows using a sample.
We put 12 loops on the knitting needle. And we knit 2 rows in garter stitch.
In the third row we knit 8 loops, and leave 4 on the left knitting needle.
At this point you need to turn the work. To do this, we throw the working thread onto the left knitting needle over the last loop and remove this same loop onto the right knitting needle as a purl.
Then we take the working thread behind the loop, and return the loop itself to the left knitting needle.
This way we wrapped the outermost loop on the left knitting needle! This is necessary so that there is no hole at the turning point.
This is how we knitted our first short row! I hope you understand the principle.
Video on how to knit garter stitch in short rows
But to make it even clearer, I shot a test video that shows how to knit short rows in garter stitch. Girls, please look, and if it’s unclear, tell me, I’ll reshoot it.
Often in knitted models there is a description when it is necessary for one side of a knitted product to be longer than the other. Then they resort to knitting shortened rows, that is, rows not knitted to the end. To make the row shortened, the work is turned before the end of the row, and after turning it again knit the same loops that you just knitted. As a result, there are many more rows on one side of the canvas than on the other. This technique is also called partial or rotary knitting. At the proposed master class you will be able to study this technique in detail.
Partial knitting method or shortened rows
Figure 1 shows a pattern for knitting a dart, when shortened rows are knitted on one side; such rows are made for darts on women's blouses, on the back of children's trousers, when knitting berets and flared skirts. Figure 2 shows a pattern of shortened rows on both sides of knitting. Such rows are knitted to obtain convex parts of the product, for example, to give a characteristic shape to the heels on the toes. Here, in each shortened row, one less loop is knitted and then, in order to “turn the heel,” one more loop is knitted in each row until the original net loops are cast on.
When, when turning the work, all the loops are knitted on top of each other, holes are formed between the loops. They can be left as part of the pattern if the pattern is openwork, or hidden by using the knitting method described below with entwined loops.
How to make short rows in the front row and hide the holes:
1.Knit facial threads to the turning point. Without knitting, slip the next stitch onto the right needle, as in knitting, and bring the thread forward to the right side of the work between the knitting needles (Fig. 3).
2. Move the removed loop back to the left knitting needle, and move the thread back and keep it at work, as in knitting. Turn the work as if you had knitted to the end of the row. The removed loop will be entwined and there will be a long constriction around it (Fig. 4). Then knit with purl stitches.
When you knit the knit stitches above the turn and the constriction stitch on the next row, you must knit the knit stitch together with the constriction stitch. This will be done in more detail as follows: knit the fabric up to the entwined loop, then pass the right knitting needle under the constriction along with the loop (Fig. 5) and knit them together.
How to make short rows on a purl row and hide the holes:
1. Knit the purl loops to the point of turning without knitting, then slip the next loop onto the right needle, as in purl knitting, and move the thread forward to the front side of the work between the knitting needles (Fig. 6).
2. Transfer the removed loop back to the left knitting needle, and move the thread back and hold it behind the work, as in knitting, then turn the work, as if you had knitted to the end of the row. The removed loop will be entwined and there will be a long constriction around it (Fig. 7). Next knit with purl stitches.
When you purl the stitches over the turn and overstitch on the next row, you insert the right needle behind the back wall of the loop formed by the yarn and move it onto the left needle. Next we purl the loop together with the constriction.
Such shortened rows can also be used for “horizontal arrows” (Fig. 9), shoulder or other bevels (Fig. 10) and when connecting parts of different densities (Fig. 11).
"Horizontal Arrows"(Fig. 9)
This is a convenient opportunity to use the ability to knit short rows to give the details of clothing a more fitted or simply original shape. To do this, you need to knit from the edge of the fabric, i.e. from the side seam to the tip of the “arrow”. Then turn and knit to the third or fourth loop (depending on the angle) from the edge of the fabric. Knit in this way and in each front row, each time knitting 3-4 loops further from the side seam, until you get an “arrow” of the required depth. Next, knit along all the loops.
Shoulder bevels (Fig. 10)
Also formed using shortened rows. If you close all the loops several by one, without knitting to one of the edges, the edge of the fabric on the shoulder section will turn out to be stepped. To prevent this from happening, you can turn the work in front of the loops that need to be closed for the shoulder bevel, and repeat this procedure in each row in which the loops are closed. As a result, all the loops will form a bevel and end up on the knitting needle; now they can be closed in one step.
Connect parts(Fig.11)
Knitting patterns with rows of different densities will help to shorten the rows. For example. you can easily connect a garter stitch sown with the front of a cardigan knitted in stockinette stitch. You will need to knit six rows of garter stitch for every four rows of stockinette stitch. Having finished the row at the end of the garter knitting, you need to turn and knit with garter knitting, then turn again and knit the garter stitches with knit stitches, turn again and knit them in the reverse row as well. After this, continue knitting on all loops of the product.
Master class on knitting in short rows:
In order to master the techniques of under-tying ( knitting in short rows), cast on 30 stitches on the knitting needles and knit several rows in stockinette stitch (stocking stitch). Starting from the front side, knit 25 loops for the first time, leaving 5 loops on the left knitting needle (not knitted enough). Then the 5th loop, counting from left to right, is removed onto the right knitting needle, leaving the working thread in front of this loop, passing the working thread between the ends of the right and left knitting needles from front to back and returning the 5th loop to the left knitting needle, wrapping it around it. Turn the knitting over to the wrong side and knit the row to the end.
Wrapping a knit stitch when knitting in short and long rows
In subsequent rows along the front side, the 10th, 15th, 20th and 25th loops are wrapped in the same way with the working thread, counting from left to right. When all the loops located on the left knitting needle are unknitted, you need to knit a common front row. When knitting loops that have been entwined, the end of the right knitting needle is directed from the bottom up under the entwining thread and into the loop, grab the working thread and knit the main loop together with the entwining thread with a front loop. After knitting the common front row, the wrapping threads remain on the wrong side and are invisible from the front side.
Knitting the main loop together with the wrapping thread in the front loop
When knitting short rows on the wrong side, the purl loops are wrapped around the working thread in the same way. as well as facial ones. When knitting a common purl row, the thread that wraps around the loops is grabbed with the end of the right knitting needle from the front side, put on the left knitting needle and knitted together with the main purl loop.
Knitting the main loop together with the wrapping thread with a purl loop
Knitting in extended rows is explained in the following example. For the sample, cast on 25 stitches on knitting needles and knit several rows in stockinette stitch. Starting from the front side, the first time a smaller number of loops are knitted, for example 4 loops, and the 5th is wrapped in the same way as was described in the case of knitting in short rows. Turn the knitting to the wrong side and knit the loops purlwise (there will be 4 loops). Then 9 loops are knitted along the front side and wrapped around the 10th, while the 5th loop, which was twisted with the working thread in the previous row, is knitted together with the wrapping thread. After wrapping the 10th loop, turn the knitting to the wrong side and knit the row to the end. All subsequent front rows are knitted in the same way, increasing each by 5 loops. Knitting in extended rows on the wrong side is done in the same way as on the front side, lifting the wrapping thread in the same way as when knitting in short rows.
