2. Paper plastic art is very similar to sculpture in terms of creativity. But, in paper plastic, all products inside are empty, all products are shells of the depicted object. And in sculpture, either the volume is increased with additional elements, or the excess is removed (cut off).
Examples: http://stranamasterov.ru/taxonomy/term/462
3. Corrugated tubes - this is the name of the technique for making products, in which for decorating surfaces or for creating volumetric figures use tubes from corrugated paper. Corrugated tubes are obtained by winding a strip of paper onto a stick, pencil or knitting needle and then compressing it. The compressed corrugated tube holds its shape well and has many options for design and use.
Examples:
4. Quilling (from the English quilling - from the word quil “bird feather”) - the art of paper rolling. Originated in medieval Europe, where nuns created medallions by twisting them on the tip of a bird's feather. paper strips with gilded edges, which created an imitation of a gold miniature.
Examples:
4. Origami (from Japanese letters: “folded paper”) - ancient art folding paper figures. The art of origami has its roots in ancient china, where the paper was opened.
Examples:
Types:
- Kirigami is a type of origami that allows the use of scissors and cutting paper in the process of making the model. This is the main difference between kirigami and other paper folding techniques, which is emphasized in the name: kiru - cut, kami - paper.
Pop-up is a whole direction in art. This technique combines elements of techniques.
- Kirigami and Cutting and allows you to create three-dimensional designs and cards folded into a flat figure.
Examples:
- Kusudama (literally “medicine ball”) is a paper model that is usually (but not always) formed by sewing together the ends of many identical pyramidal modules (usually stylized flowers folded from a square sheet of paper), so that the body is spherical forms. Alternatively, the individual components can be glued together (for example, kusudama on bottom photo completely glued, not sewn). Sometimes, as a decoration, a tassel is attached to the bottom.
The art of kusudama comes from an ancient Japanese tradition where kusudama was used for incense and a mixture of dried petals; perhaps these were the first real bouquets of flowers or herbs. The word itself is a combination of two Japanese words, kusuri (medicine) and tama (ball). Nowadays, kusudama are usually used for decoration or as gifts.
Kusudama is an important part of origami, particularly as a precursor to modular origami. She is often confused with modular origami, which is incorrect, since the elements that make up kusudama are sewn or glued, and not nested inside each other, as modular origami suggests.
Examples:
- Origami from circles - folding origami from a paper circle. Usually the folded pieces are then glued together into an applique.
Examples:
- Origami modular - creating three-dimensional figures from triangular modules origami - invented in China. The whole figure is assembled from many identical parts (modules). Each module is folded according to the rules of classic origami from one sheet of paper, and then the modules are connected by inserting them into each other. The friction force that appears in this case prevents the structure from falling apart.
Examples:
5. Papier-mâché (fr. papier-mâché “chewed paper”) - an easily moldable mass obtained from a mixture of fibrous materials (paper, cardboard) with adhesives, starch, gypsum, etc. Plasters are made from papier-mâché , masks, teaching aids, toys, theatrical props, boxes. In some cases, even furniture.
In Fedoskino, Palekh, Kholui, papier-mâché is used to make the basis for traditional lacquer miniatures.
You can decorate a papier-mâché blank not only with paints, painting like famous artists, but using decoupage or assemblage.
Examples:
7. Embossing (another name is “embossing”) - mechanical extrusion that creates images on paper, cardboard, polymer material or plastic, foil, on parchment (the technique is called “parchment”, see below), as well as on leather or birch bark, in which a relief image of a convex or concave stamp is obtained on the material itself, with or without heating, sometimes with the additional use of foil and paint. Embossing is carried out mainly on binding covers, postcards, invitation cards, labels, soft packaging, etc.
This type of work can be determined by many factors: force, texture and thickness of the material, the direction of its cutting, layout and other factors.
Examples:
Types:
- Parchment - parchment paper (thick waxed tracing paper) is processed with an embossing tool and during processing it becomes convex and turns white. This technique produces interesting postcards, this technique can also be used to design a scrappage page.
Examples:
- Texturing - applying an image using a cliché onto a smooth material, usually metallized paper, in order to imitate foil stamping. Also used to imitate the skin of certain breeds (for example, a cliché with a pattern imitating crocodile skin, etc.)
*Techniques related to weaving:
Man learned weaving much earlier than pottery. At first, he wove a dwelling from long flexible branches (roofs, fences, furniture), all kinds of baskets for various needs (cradles, boxes, carts, scoops, baskets) and shoes. A man learned to braid his hair.
With the development of this type of needlework, more and more different materials for use appeared. It turned out that you can weave from everything you come across: from vines and reeds, from ropes and threads, from leather and birch bark, from wire and beads, from newspapers.... Weaving techniques such as wicker weaving, weaving from birch bark and reeds appeared. , tatting, knotted macrame weaving, bobbin weaving, bead weaving, ganutel, kumihimo cord weaving, chainmail weaving, net weaving, Indian mandala weaving, their imitations (weaving from paper strips and candy wrappers, weaving from newspapers and magazines)...
As it turned out, this type of needlework is still popular, because using it, you can weave many beautiful and useful things, decorating our home with them.
Examples:
1. Beading, like beads themselves, has a centuries-old history. The ancient Egyptians were the first to learn how to weave beaded threads into necklaces, string bracelets, and cover them with beaded nets. women's dresses. But only in the 19th century the real flourishing of bead production began. For a long time, the Venetians carefully guarded the secrets of creating a glass miracle. Masters and craftswomen decorated clothes and shoes, wallets and handbags, cases for fans and eyeglass cases, as well as other elegant things with beads.
With the advent of beads in America, indigenous people began to use them instead of traditional Indian materials. For ritual belt, cradle, headband, basket, hair net, earrings, snuff boxes...
In the Far North, fur coats, high fur boots, hats, reindeer harnesses, leather sunglasses were decorated with bead embroidery...
Our great-grandmothers were very inventive. Among the huge variety of elegant trinkets there are amazing items. Brushes and covers for chalk, cases for a toothpick (!), an inkwell, a pen cleaner and a pencil, a collar for your favorite dog, a cup holder, lace collars, easter eggs, chessboards and much, much, much more.
Examples:
2. Ganutel - exclusive Maltese handicraft. It was in the monasteries of the Mediterranean that this technique of creating beautiful flowers to decorate the altar was still preserved.
The ganuteli uses thin spiral wire and silk threads to wrap the parts, as well as beads, pearls or seed beads. Brilliant flowers turn out graceful and light.
In the 16th century, spiral wire made of gold or silver was called “canutiglia” in Italian, and “canutillo” in Spanish; in Russian, this word was probably transformed into “gimp”.
Examples:
3. Macrame (from Arabic - braid, fringe, lace or from Turkish - scarf or napkin with fringe) - knot weaving technique.
The technique of this knot weaving has been known since ancient times. According to some sources, macrame came to Europe in the 8th-9th centuries from the East. This technique was known in Ancient Egypt, Assyria, Iran, Peru, China, and Ancient Greece.
Examples:
4. Weaving lace with bobbins. In Russia, the Vologda, Eletsky, Kirov, Belevsky, Mikhailovsky fisheries are still known.
Examples:
5. Tatting is a woven knotted lace. It is also called shuttle lace because this lace is woven using a special shuttle.
Examples:
*Techniques related to painting, various types painting and image creation:
Drawing is a genre in the visual arts and a corresponding technique that creates a visual image (image) on any surface or object using graphic means, drawing elements (as opposed to pictorial elements), primarily from lines and strokes.
For example: charcoal drawing, pencil drawing, ink and pen drawing...
Painting - view fine arts associated with the transmission of visual images by applying paints to a solid or flexible base; creating an image using digital technologies; as well as works of art made in such ways.
The most common works of painting are those made on flat or almost flat surfaces, such as canvas stretched on a stretcher, wood, cardboard, paper, treated wall surfaces, etc. Painting also includes images made with paints on decorative and ceremonial vessels , the surfaces of which can have a complex shape.
Examples:
1. Batik - hand painted on fabric using reserve compounds.
The batik technique is based on the fact that paraffin, rubber glue, as well as some other resins and varnishes, when applied to fabric (silk, cotton, wool, synthetics), do not allow paint to pass through - or, as artists say, “reserve” from coloring individual areas of fabric.
There are several types of batik - hot, cold, knotted, free painting, free painting using saline solution, shibori.
Batik - batik is an Indonesian word. Translated from Indonesian, the word “ba” means cotton fabric, and "-tik" means "dot" or "drop". Ambatik - to draw, to cover with drops, to hatch.
Batik painting has long been known among the peoples of Indonesia, India, etc. In Europe - since the twentieth century.
Examples:
2. Stained glass (lat. Vitrum - glass) is one of the types decorative arts. Glass or other transparent material is the main material. The history of stained glass begins in ancient times. Initially, glass was inserted into a window or doorway, then the first mosaic paintings and independent decorative compositions, panels made of colored pieces of glass or painted with special paints on plain glass appeared.
Examples:
3. Blowing - a technique based on blowing paint through a tube (on a sheet of paper). This ancient technique was traditional for the creators of ancient images (bone tubes were used).
Modern juice straws are no worse in use. They help to blow recognizable, unusual, and sometimes fantastic designs from a small amount of liquid paint on a sheet of paper.
4. Guilloche - the technique of burning an openwork pattern onto fabric manually using a burning machine was developed and patented by Zinaida Petrovna Kotenkova.
Guilloche requires careful work. It must be made in a single color scheme and correspond to the ornamental style of the given composition.
Napkins, panels with appliqués, bookmarks, handkerchiefs, collars - all this and much more, whatever your imagination suggests, will decorate any home!
Examples:
5. Grattage (from the French gratter - scrape, scratch) - scratching technique.
The drawing is highlighted by scratching with a pen or sharp instrument on paper or cardboard covered in ink (to prevent it from spreading, you need to add a little detergent or shampoo, just a few drops).
Examples:
6. Mosaic is one of the most ancient arts. This is a way of creating an image from small elements. Assembling the mosaic is very important for mental development child.
Maybe from different materials: bottle caps, beads, buttons, plastic chips, wooden cuts of twigs or matches, magnetic pieces, glass, ceramic pieces, small pebbles, shells, thermal mosaic, Tetris mosaic, coins, pieces of fabric or paper, grain, cereals, seeds maple, pasta, any natural material(scales of cones, pine needles, watermelon and melon seeds), pencil shavings, bird feathers, etc.
Examples:
7. Monotype (from the Greek monos - one, united and tupos - imprint) - one of the simplest graphic techniques.
On a smooth glass surface or thick glossy paper (it should not allow water to pass through), a drawing is made using gouache paint or paints. A sheet of paper is placed on top and pressed to the surface. The resulting print is a mirror image.
Examples:
8. Thread graphics (isothread, thread image, thread design) - a graphic image made in a special way with threads on cardboard or other solid base. Thread graphics are also sometimes called isographics or embroidery on cardboard. You can also use velvet (velvet paper) or thick paper as a base. The threads can be ordinary sewing, wool, floss or others. You can also use colored silk threads.
Examples:
9. Ornament (lat. ornamentum - decoration) - a pattern based on the repetition and alternation of its constituent elements; intended for decorating various objects (utensils, tools and weapons, textiles, furniture, books, etc.), architectural structures (both externally and in the interior), works of plastic arts (mainly applied), among primitive peoples also the human body itself (coloring, tattoo). Associated with the surface that it decorates and visually organizes, the ornament, as a rule, reveals or accentuates the architectonics of the object on which it is applied. The ornament either operates with abstract forms or stylizes real motifs, often schematizing them beyond recognition.
Examples:
10. Print.
Types:
- Printing with a sponge. Both a sea sponge and a regular sponge intended for washing dishes are suitable for this.
Examples:
Wood is usually used as the starting material for stamping using a cliche stamp so that it is convenient to hold in the hand. One side is made flat, because Cardboard is glued onto it, and patterns are glued onto the cardboard. They (patterns) can be made from paper, from rope, from an old eraser, from root vegetables...
- Stamp (stamping). Wood is usually used as the starting material for stamping using a cliche stamp so that it is convenient to hold in the hand. One side is made flat, because Cardboard is glued onto it, and patterns are glued onto the cardboard. They (patterns) can be made from paper, from rope, from an old eraser, from root vegetables, etc.
Examples:
11. Pointillism (French Pointillisme, literally “point”) is a style of writing in painting that uses pure paints that do not mix on the palette, applied in small strokes of rectangular or round shape based on their optical mixing in the viewer’s eye, as opposed to the mixing of colors on the palette. Optical mixing of three primary colors (red, blue, yellow) and pairs of additional colors (red - green, blue - orange, yellow - violet) gives significantly greater brightness than a mechanical mixture of pigments. Mixing of colors to form shades occurs at the stage of perception of the picture by the viewer from a long distance or in a reduced view.
The founder of the style was Georges Seurat.
Another name for pointillism is divisionism (from the Latin divisio - division, crushing).
Examples:
12. Drawing with palms. Small children find it difficult to use a paint brush. There is a very exciting activity that will give the child new sensations and develop fine motor skills hands, will give you the opportunity to discover new and magical world artistic creativity- This is painting with palms. By drawing with their palms, little artists develop their imagination and abstract thinking.
Examples:
13. Drawing with leaf prints. Having collected various fallen leaves, smear each leaf with gouache from the vein side. The paper on which you are going to make a print can be colored or white. Press the sheet with the painted side onto a sheet of paper and carefully remove it, grasping it by the “tail” (petiole). This process can be repeated over and over again. And now, having completed the details, you already have a butterfly flying over the flower.
Examples:
14. Painting. One of the most ancient types of folk crafts, which for several centuries have been an integral part of everyday life and the original culture of the people. In Russian folk art There are a large number of varieties of this type of decorative and applied art.
Here are some of them:
- Zhostovo painting is an ancient Russian folk craft that arose at the beginning of the 19th century, in the village of Zhostovo, Mytishchi district, Moscow region. It is one of the most famous types of Russian folk painting. Zhostovo trays are painted by hand. Usually bouquets of flowers are depicted on a black background.
- Gorodets painting is a Russian folk art craft. It has existed since the middle of the 19th century. in the area of Gorodets. Bright, laconic Gorodets painting (genre scenes, figurines of horses, roosters, floral patterns), made in a free stroke with a white and black graphic outline, decorated spinning wheels, furniture, shutters, and doors.
- Khokhloma painting is an ancient Russian folk craft, born in the 17th century in the district of Nizhny Novgorod.
Khokhloma is a decorative painting of wooden utensils and furniture, made in black and red (and also, occasionally, green) on a golden background. When painting, silver tin powder is applied to the wood. After this, the product is coated with a special composition and processed three or four times in the oven, which achieves a unique honey-golden color, giving the light wooden utensils a massive effect. Traditional elements of Khokhloma are red juicy rowan and strawberries, flowers and branches. Birds, fish and animals are often found.
Examples:
15. Encaustic (from ancient Greek “the art of burning”) is a painting technique in which wax is the binder of paint. Painting is done with melted paints (hence the name). A type of encaustic painting is wax tempera, characterized by its brightness and richness of colors. Many early Christian icons were painted using this technique.
Examples:
*Techniques related to sewing, embroidery and fabric use:
Sewing is a colloquial form of the verb “to sew”, i.e. something that is sewn or stitched.
Examples:
2. Patchwork, Quilt, Quilting or Patchwork is a folk arts and crafts art with centuries-old traditions and stylistic features. This is a technique using pieces of multi-colored fabrics or knitted elements. geometric shapes for joining in a bedspread, blouse or bag.
Examples:
Types:
- Artichoke is a type of patchwork that got its name because of its resemblance to artichoke fruits. This technique has other names - “teeth”, “corners”, “scales”, “feathers”.
By and large, in this technique it all comes down to folding the cut out parts and sewing them onto the base in a certain sequence. Or, using paper, create (pasting) various panels of a round (or multifaceted) shape on a plane or in volume.
You can sew in two ways: direct the edge of the blanks to the center of the main part, or to its edges. This is if you sew a flat product. For products of a volumetric nature - with the tip towards the narrower part. The folded parts are not necessarily cut in the shape of squares. These can be rectangles or circles. In any case, we encounter the folding of cut-out blanks, therefore, it can be argued that these patchwork techniques belong to the family of patchwork origami, and since they create volume, then, therefore, to the “3d” technique.
Example:
- Crazy quilt. I recently came across this type. In my opinion, this is a multi-method.
The bottom line is that the product is created from a combination of various techniques: patchwork + embroidery + painting, etc.
Example:
3. Tsumami Kanzashi. The Tsumami technique is based on origami. Only they fold not paper, but squares of natural silk. The word "Tsumami" means "to pinch": the artist takes a piece of folded silk using tweezers or tweezers. The petals of future flowers are then glued onto the base.
The hairpin (kanzashi), decorated with a silk flower, gave its name to a whole new type of decorative and applied art. This technique was used to make decorations for combs and individual sticks, as well as for complex structures made up of various accessories.
Examples:
* Techniques related to knitting:
What is knitting? This is the process of making products from continuous threads by bending them into loops and connecting the loops to each other using simple tools by hand (a crochet hook, knitting needles).
Examples:
1. Knitting on a fork. An interesting way of crocheting using a special device - a fork curved in the shape of the letter U. The result is light, airy patterns.
2. Crochet (tambour) - the process of manually making fabric or lace from threads using a crochet hook. creating not only dense, relief patterns, but also thin, openwork, reminiscent of lace fabric. Knitting patterns consist of different combinations of loops and stitches. The correct ratio is that the thickness of the hook should be almost twice the thickness of the thread.
Examples:
3. Simple (European) knitting allows you to combine several types of loops, which creates simple and complex openwork patterns.
Examples:
4. Tunisian knitting long crochet(both one and several loops can be used at the same time to create a pattern).
5. Jacquard knitting - patterns are knitted on knitting needles from threads of several colors.
6. Sirloin knitting– imitates fillet-guipure embroidery on a special mesh.
7. Guipure crochet (Irish or Brussels lace).
2. Sawing. One type is sawing with a jigsaw. Decorating your life and home with products convenient for everyday life self made or children's toys, you experience joy from appearance and the pleasure of the process of creating them.
Examples:
3. Carving is a type of decorative and applied art. It is one of the types of artistic woodworking along with sawing and turning.
Examples:
* Other self-sufficient techniques:
1. Applique (from the Latin “attachment”) is a way of working with colored pieces of various materials: paper, fabric, leather, fur, felt, colored beads, seed beads, woolen threads, embossed metal plates, all kinds of material (velvet, satin, silk), dried leaves... This use of various materials and structures in order to enhance expressive capabilities is very close to another means of representation - collage.
Examples:
There are also:
- Application from plasticine - plasticineography - new look arts and crafts. It represents the creation of stucco paintings depicting more or less convex, semi-voluminous objects on a horizontal surface. In essence, this is a rare, very expressive look"painting.
Examples:
- Application from “palms”. Examples:
- Broken applique is one of the types of multifaceted applique techniques. Everything is simple and accessible, like laying out a mosaic. The base is a sheet of cardboard, the material is a sheet of colored paper torn into pieces (several colors), the tool is glue and your hands. Examples:
2. Assemblage (French assemblage) - a visual art technique related to collage, but using three-dimensional parts or entire objects, applicatively arranged on a plane like a picture. Allows for artistic additions with paints, as well as metal, wood, fabric and other structures. Sometimes applied to other works, from photomontage to spatial compositions, since the terminology of the latest visual art is not completely established.
Examples:
3. Paper tunnel. The original English name for this technique is tunnel book, which can be translated as book or paper tunnel. The essence of the technique can be clearly seen from English name tunnel - tunnel - through hole. The multi-layered nature of the “books” that are put together conveys the feeling of a tunnel well. A three-dimensional postcard appears. By the way, this technique successfully combines different types techniques, such as scrapbooking, applique, cutting, creating layouts and voluminous books. It is somewhat akin to origami, because... is aimed at folding paper in a certain way.
The first paper tunnel dates back to the mid-18th century. and was the embodiment of theatrical scenes.
Traditionally, paper tunnels are created to commemorate an event or are sold as souvenirs to tourists.
Examples:
4. Cutting is a very broad term.
Examples:
Cut out of paper, foam plastic, foam rubber, birch bark, plastic bottles, from soap, from plywood (though this is already called sawing), from fruits and vegetables, as well as from other various materials. Various tools are used: scissors, breadboard knives, scalpel. They cut out masks, hats, toys, postcards, panels, flowers, figurines and much more.
Types:
- Silhouette cutting is a cutting technique in which objects of an asymmetrical structure, with curved contours (fish, birds, animals, etc.), with complex outlines of figures and smooth transitions from one part to another, are cut out by eye. Silhouettes are easily recognizable and expressive; they should be without small details and as if in motion. Examples:
- The cutting is symmetrical. With symmetrical cutting, we repeat the contours of the image, which must fit exactly into the plane of a sheet of paper folded in half, consistently complicating the outline of the figure in order to correctly convey the external features of objects in a stylized form in the appliqués.
Examples:
- Vytynanka - the art of cutting openwork patterns made from colored, white or black paper has existed since paper was invented in China. And this type of cutting became known as jianzhi. This art has spread throughout the world: China, Japan, Vietnam, Mexico, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Ukraine, Lithuania and many other countries.
Examples:
- Carving (see below).
5. Decoupage (from the French decoupage - noun, “that which is cut out”) is a technique of decoration, applique, decoration using cut out paper motifs. Chinese peasants in the 12th century. They began to decorate furniture in this way. And in addition to cut out pictures from thin colorful paper, they began to cover it with varnish to make it look like a painting! So, along with beautiful furniture, this equipment also came to Europe.
Today, the most popular material for decoupage is three-layer napkins. Hence another name - “napkin technique”. The application can be absolutely limitless - dishes, books, boxes, candles, vessels, musical instruments, flower pots, bottles, furniture, shoes and even clothes! Any surface - leather, wood, metal, ceramics, cardboard, textiles, plaster - must be plain and light, because... the design cut out of the napkin should be clearly visible.
Examples:
6. Carving (from the English carvу - cut, carve, engrave, slice; carving - carving, carved work, carved ornament, carved figure) in cooking is the simplest form of sculpture or engraving on the surface of products from vegetables and fruits, such short-lived decorations table.
Examples:
7. Collage is a creative genre when a work is created from a wide variety of cut out images pasted onto paper, canvas or digitally. Comes from fr. papier collée - glued paper. Very quickly this concept began to be used in an expanded meaning - a mixture various elements, a bright and expressive message from scraps of other texts, fragments collected on one plane.
The collage can be completed with any other means - ink, watercolor, etc.
Examples:
8. Constructor (from Latin constructor “builder”) is a multi-valued term. For our profile, this is a set of mating parts. that is, parts or elements of some future layout, information about which was collected by the author, analyzed and embodied in a beautiful, artistically executed product.
Designers vary in type of material - metal, wood, plastic and even paper (for example, paper origami modules). When different types of elements are combined, interesting designs for games and fun are created.
Examples:
9. Modeling - giving shape to a plastic material (plasticine, clay, plastic, salt dough, snowball, sand, etc.) using hands and auxiliary tools. This is one of the basic techniques of sculpture, which is intended for mastering the primary principles of this technique.
Examples:
10. A layout is a copy of an object with a change in size (usually reduced), which is made while maintaining proportions. The layout must also convey the main features of the object.
To create this unique work, you can use various materials, it all depends on its functional purpose (exhibition layout, gift, presentation, etc.). This can be paper, cardboard, plywood, wooden blocks, plaster and clay parts, wire.
Examples:
Type of layout - model - is a working layout that depicts (imitates) any significant features of the original. Moreover, attention is concentrated on certain aspects of the modeled object or, to an equal degree, its detail. The model is created to be used, for example, for visual-model teaching of mathematics, physics, chemistry and other school subjects, for a maritime or aviation club. A variety of materials are used in modeling: balloons, light and plastic mass, wax, clay, plaster, papier-mâché, salt dough, paper, polystyrene foam, foam rubber, matches, knitting threads, fabric...
Modeling is the creation of a model that is reliably close to the original.
"Models" are those layouts that are in effect. And models that do not work, i.e. "strand" - usually called a layout.
Examples:
11. Soap making. Animal and vegetable fats, fat substitutes (synthetic fatty acids, rosin, naphthenic acids, tall oil) can be used as raw materials to obtain the main component of soap.
Examples:
12. Sculpture (Latin sculptura, from sculpo - I cut, carve) - sculpture, plastic - a type of fine art, the works of which have a three-dimensional form and are made of hard or plastic materials (metal, stone, clay, wood, plaster, ice, snow , sand, foam rubber, soap). Processing methods - modeling, carving, casting, forging, embossing, carving, etc.
Examples:
13. Weaving - production of fabric and textiles from yarn.
Examples:
14. Felting (or felting, or felting) – felting wool. There is “wet” and “dry”.
Examples:
15. Flat embossing is one of the types of decorative and applied art, as a result of knocking out a certain ornamental relief, drawing, inscription or round figured image, sometimes close to engraving, on a plate, a new work of art is created.
Processing of the material is carried out using a rod - a hammer, which stands vertically, the upper end of which is hit with a hammer. By moving the coin, a new shape gradually appears. The material must have a certain plasticity and the ability to change under the influence of force.
Examples:
In conclusion, it should be noted that the division (combination according to any criterion) of most techniques is conditional (subjective), and many techniques of applied creativity are multi-techniques, i.e. they combine several types of techniques.
Happy creativity everyone!
Your Margarita.
Useful tips
You don't have to have a special gift to make something beautiful and unusual. If you know some tricks, you can make something beautiful. decoration for your home or gift, with minimal effort and using very few materials.
On our website you will also find:
Here is just a small part of simple crafts that absolutely anyone can do:
Simple DIY crafts
1. Autumn candles
You will need:
Leaves (real or artificial)
PVA glue (decoupage glue)
Brush or sponge
* Wipe the jar with alcohol to get rid of fats.
*Apply glue to the jar.
*Use straight leaves to decorate the jar.
* You can apply decoupage glue to the glued leaves.
*Add some thread and a candle for beauty.
2. Painted cup
You will need:
Oil markers
Scissors
* Cut out a stencil of any design or letter from cardboard.
* Place the stencil on the cup and start making dots around it with different colored markers.
Just do it yourself
3. Painted jars
You will need:
Alcohol (for cleaning the jar)
Acrylic paints
Decorations (flowers)
* Clean the jar with alcohol.
* Paint the jar any color and leave to dry.
* You can add a marker (in in this case There is a relief on the can that can be erased).
* Insert flowers into the vase.
4. Colored sneakers
You will need:
Fabric markers
White (light) sneakers
Pencil
* Using a pencil, draw the desired design on the sneakers.
* Trace the drawing with a marker and start coloring as you like.
The simplest crafts
5. Craft from wine corks
You will need:
Wine corks
Pencil
Superglue
* Draw any simple shape on paper - in in this example this is the shape of a heart.
* Start gluing the corks to each other (apply glue only to the sides, do not apply to the ends, so as not to stick them to the paper), placing them on the drawing to eventually get a heart.
6. Infinity scarf from an old T-shirt
You will need:
Old/unwanted T-shirt
Scissors
Thread and needle ( sewing machine)
*Cut off the left and right edges of the T-shirt (see image). The width of the T-shirt will then become 35 cm.
* Cut off a small part from the bottom and top (where the neck is).
* Sew both halves from the inside and you will have a scarf.
Easy and simple with your own hands
7. Bright vases made from glass bottles
You will need:
Watercolor paints
Bottles
Bowl and brush (if necessary)
Syringe (if necessary)
*Pour some paint into a bowl. You can mix several colors to get a different color.
*Pour the paint into the bottle. It’s more convenient to do this with a syringe - you fill the syringe with paint and then inject it into the bottle.
*Turn the bottle until the paint covers the entire glass inside.
* Turn the bottle over and leave it in that position in the sink - excess paint will flow out.
* When the paint is dry, you can add water to the vase and insert flowers into it.
8. Towel dryer
If you have an old ladder, you can Clean it, sand it if necessary, and even paint it. After that, you can put it in the bathroom to hang towels.
Simple paper crafts
9. Garland of paper cups
You will need:
Paper cups
Regular garland
Knife or scissors.
*Make a cross-shaped cut in each cup.
* Insert a garland light bulb into each hole.
* Decorate the room with a garland.
10. Golden canvas
Even if you don’t know how to draw at all, you can make a very beautiful project and decorate your interior with it.
You will need:
2 white canvases
Gold, blue and orange acrylic paint
Sponge brush
*Paint each canvas with 2-3 coats of gold paint - allow the paint to dry after each coat.
* Using a sponge brush, start painting the canvases. One will be blue and the other orange. Make some lines shorter, others longer.
11. Multi-colored keys
If you have several identical keys for different locks, use nail polish to color them. This way you will know which key is for which lock.
Crafts from simple materials
12. Colored candlesticks
You will need:
A wide glass and a narrow glass (or vases of different sizes)
Superglue
Food coloring
* Place the small glass in the large one, and secure both with glue - apply glue to the bottom of the small glass.
* Pour water into the gap between the glasses and add food coloring.
* Place a candle inside a small glass.
13. Vase made from a light bulb
You will need:
Bulb
Pliers
Screwdriver
Wire (if necessary)
Cover for the base of the vase (if necessary)
Superglue
Gloves and specials goggles (to protect hands and eyes)
* Use pliers to remove the tip of the light bulb.
* Use a screwdriver or pliers to remove excess glass at the base. You may have to get rid of several layers of glass - be careful and attentive.
* Glue the light bulb to the base (plastic cover).
* You can also hang a light bulb - use wire for this.
* You can complicate the task and add an LED light bulb. For this, in addition to the light bulb, you will need small batteries. All instructions can be seen in the video:
Simple crafts for kids
14. Ghost design on a T-shirt
You will need:
Wide adhesive tape
Light T-shirt
Scissors
* Cut out the details of your ghost from adhesive tape (eyes and mouth, for example)
* Glue all the parts carefully to the T-shirt.
15. Congratulations from the keyboard
This congratulation is very easy to make.
The idea of making a bouquet of paper flowers is very good. For paper crafts, we will need to purchase colored paper, cardboard, markers, a stationery knife, tape, scissors and PVA glue.
Paper bouquet
First you need to make three blanks for each flower, two of which should be the same color, they should have six petals.
Place one blank in front of you and glue a circle on top of it.
On the mug, first make holes for the eyes and mouth in the form of a smiley face.
After gluing the mug with the flower, you need to color the eyes with a black felt-tip pen, and then bend the petals inward.
The next step is to cut out the stem, which we then attach to the flower, and on the other side of the flower we need to attach the same blank.
You can also make leaves for the bouquet, which can be made from green paper.
First you need to draw an oval and cut it out, and then use scissors to make notches.
In order for individual pieces of paper crafts to become a single whole, tie the flowers with ribbon or some other fabric to decorate the bouquet.
This bouquet will never fade and will be an excellent decoration for your home.
Simple crafts from plastic bottles
The simplest crafts for children include bottle crafts.
For example, from a bottle you can make a piggy bank, which requires only a marker, a stationery knife, dice (4 pieces), a small bottle, glue and colored paper.
The first step is to cut a straight line, the width of which can be 5 centimeters, and the length of this line should be enough to encircle the bottle.
We draw eyes with a marker, and draw nostrils on the bottle cap. Using a utility knife, cut a hole for coins.
As legs for the pig, you need to attach the dice using glue.
Pay attention!
This craft develops a child’s imagination and is also useful in everyday life.
Ball of thread
The craft can be used as a lampshade for a lamp or simply hung as a decoration.
A ball of thread is made very simply; to make it you will need colored threads, a ball, and transparent glue.
First we need to inflate the balloon and tie its tip so that the air does not escape.
Then you need to wrap the inflated ball with threads, then apply glue to the surface of the ball and wait until it dries.
Pay attention!
Now you need to separate the ball from the threads, to do this, just pierce it with a needle and the craft is ready.
Plasticine gnome and pine cones
As a simple DIY craft, you can make a gnome. For the craft you will need a pine cone, light-colored plasticine, pieces of fabric, glue and a brush.
First of all, the child should roll a ball from a piece of plasticine, after which, using a brush, the ball should be made with indentations for the nose, eyes and mouth.
At the next stage of our craft, we need to attach the resulting head to the top of the cone.
Then the child must cut out a triangle from the fabric and glue it on the sides, resulting in a cone. The cone will act as a hat for our character.
Pay attention!
Finally, you need to make mittens from fabric, and then attach them to the pine cone using plasticine and our gnome from the pine cone is ready.
Paper bookmark
As a simple craft for kindergarten A paper bookmark is perfect. So that children can make one, simple craft they will need a pencil, ruler, colored paper, scissors and glue.
To begin, children must draw a square measuring 20 by 20 centimeters.
Then divide the resulting square into 4 equal parts using a pencil and ruler, resulting in 4 squares measuring 5 by 5 centimeters.
The second step is to divide the upper right and lower left squares in such a way as to obtain triangles, that is, you need to draw a line diagonally from the upper corner to the lower corner.
We don't need the triangles with the outside and can cross them out.
Then you need to cut out a figure from paper without taking into account the crossed out triangles.
The top triangle needs to be trimmed. If everything is done correctly, the paper will be in the shape of a diamond, to which two triangles are glued.
The next step is to fold all the triangles in half, and then one by one place them on the tip of the rhombus. You should end up with a pocket that fits over the tip of the book page.
To make a bookmark original, you can advise children to cut out some kind of applique from colored paper.
Photos of simple crafts
New types of needlework do not appear very often in the world, but modern girls who want to stand out from the crowd have plenty to choose from!
Traditional handicraft techniques rarely go into oblivion; rather, on the contrary, ancient crafts are returning and quickly gaining their fans. But progress does not stand still, and modern technologies and people’s lifestyles contribute to the emergence of new types of needlework that deserve no less attention than the most ancient techniques. What to do for a girl who wants to be in trend and keep up with the rapid development of the handicraft world.
Street knitting in a new style
The knitting technique has existed for a long time, but modern knitters do not want to limit themselves to creating clothes and home decor items. Today it is fashionable to knit “outfits” for city streets, parks and your own summer cottages. This direction appeared in 2005 absolutely by accident. It was invented by the owner of an American store in order to attract attention to her product. The hobby has received a name and has already won the hearts of Europeans.
Want to try it? Start knitting covers for trees, garden flowerpots, and garbage containers. Tie a mesh fence, dress a doghouse or birdhouse, lampposts or flowerpots in a bright “suit”. It is not only fashionable, but also very beautiful!
Diamond embroidery - a Japanese miracle
When studying modern types of needlework, you cannot miss. This fascinating and very beautiful hobby comes from China. In it, the Chinese women combined two ancient techniques at once - mosaic and embroidery with beads and stones. Technology diamond embroidery bears little resemblance to traditional ones, since needles and fabrics are not used here.
The picture is obtained by laying out patterns of rhinestones on a ready-made diagram, previously coated with special glue. Instead of a needle, tweezers are used, with which the motif is carefully laid out, following the image. The finished work is coated with transparent varnish for durability.
In this way, you can “embroider” not only paintings, but also three-dimensional objects, for example, boxes, vases, bottles.
To try yourself in this new type of needlework, you need to buy a ready-made kit, which includes a diagram with an adhesive surface protected by paper, a set of rhinestones, and tweezers. In large paintings, the adhesive base is covered with sheets of several fragments, which prevents drying out and allows you to stretch out the pleasure of creating a masterpiece for several days.
Polymer clay jewelry
Polymer clay, or plastic - comparatively new material, which the needlewomen could not ignore. Plastic has nothing in common with real clay, since it is a typical polymer. with this material it is simple - it is easy to give the plastic mass any shape by mixing shades and colors. Finished products can be baked, or you can simply boil them in boiling water - it’s faster and much safer.
Mastering new types of needlework, craftswomen learned to create polymer clay elements for jewelry - necklaces, earrings, pendants, bracelets. These can be complex flower figures or ordinary beads reminiscent of minerals.
One of the most interesting trends in this type of creativity is a technique that imitates cross stitch. This kind of work requires perseverance and patience, but the result is worth the try.
Weaving from newspaper tubes
This relatively new type of handicraft was born due to the fact that waste paper collection points were closed, and free advertising newspapers began to appear in boxes every day. Newspapers are used to weave decorative and household items: baskets, vases, laundry boxes, caskets, and all kinds of boxes.
Toys made from nylon socks
Crafts made from denim
Most often, new types of needlework are born from modern materials. This is how crafts from denim, for which, as a rule, they take out-of-fashion or outdated jeans. From durable and practical material, needlewomen learned to sew furniture covers, blankets, rugs, pillows, rugs, and curtains.
Fashionistas are making bags and new coats from denim. Animal lovers come up with costumes for their pets. Creative people create wall panels playing with different shades of jeans. If you want to be inspired by new ideas, see our other publication on this topic.
Knitting from plastic bags
Some new types of handicrafts appear in the world thanks to concern for the preservation of the environment. Such hobbies include knitting plastic bags. Of course, mostly people take new bags for work, but the idea itself was born precisely at the moment of thinking about their disposal. Where else to put dozens of bags from the supermarket if you don’t learn how to turn them into... beautiful crafts?
Beautiful bathroom rugs, shower slippers, and openwork napkins are knitted from colored garbage bags. The moisture-resistant material is not afraid of mold, so it is actively used for crafts used in wet rooms and in the garden.
Multi-colored polyethylene makes durable and beautiful fashionable bags, baskets for vegetables and fruits, boxes for small items, boxes, cosmetic bags and many other things that can be crocheted.
Parchment Craft - a new word in paper art
– Russian pronunciation definition of parchment craft, which translates as parchment craft. The technology for creating crafts was borrowed from the Middle Ages, when the finest untanned leather was used for embossing. Leather is an expensive material, so modern needlewomen at the end of the 20th century began to work with tracing paper and parchment - affordable paper.
The second name of this hobby is pargamano, born from the name of the manufacturer of special paper for this creativity, Pergamano, because it is impossible to get an elegant craft from ordinary tracing paper; you need a special one - with a density of at least 150 g/m2.
unusual or look at the list. To help those in doubt, we have prepared a guide that will help you decide on your choice of hobby.
The world of creative people cannot be limited, we will wait to introduce you to new hobbies, so visit us often and join our groups on social networks to stay up to date with the news.
