International Women's Day (or the UN International Day for Women's Rights and International Peace) is celebrated on March 8th.
In a number of countries, International Women's Day March 8 is a national holiday: in China, North Korea, Angola, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau, Cambodia, Laos, Mongolia and Uganda.
After the collapse of the USSR, some republics of the former Union continue to celebrate March 8, some hastened to get rid of the Soviet legacy. In Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Moldova, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, Abkhazia, March 8 is still celebrated as International Women's Day.
In Tajikistan, on the initiative of the country's president, since 2009 the holiday began to be called Mother's Day. This day remains a non-working day in Tajikistan.
In Turkmenistan, International Women's Day was not celebrated until 2008 - women's holiday was moved to March 21 (vernal equinox), connected with Navruz - the national holiday of spring, and was called National holiday spring and women. In January 2008, President of Turkmenistan Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov introduced changes to the Labor Code and
March 8 is a wonderful women's holiday. On this day, all men admire the beauty of women, showing their love and sincere feelings. Every girl on this day waits for signs of attention. Traditionally, men give flowers and gifts on this day. By the way, here are the ones that every woman will be happy with.
Despite the fact that the holiday is official, it is very tender and reverent. Every woman is waiting for its arrival. But most people have forgotten the original political connotations of this date. Now the eighth of March is associated with the holiday of spring and beauty. Previously, it was a day of struggle for gender equality in different areas activities. It was achieved by female revolutionaries, defending gender equality.
Over time, the political overtones of the holiday were erased. Nowadays, March 8th is joyful spring holiday. A day when you can thank the fair sex for inspiring and delighting them, giving them flowers, gifts and beautiful things. But in some countries, feminists organize mass actions to fight the stronger sex.
In 1857, New York women, workers in clothing factories, went out to protest. It was just March 8th. They were not satisfied with the inhumane working conditions and low wages. They were forced to go to work 16 hours a day, and received pennies for their efforts. The women were quickly dispersed by the police. But they did not calm down and decided to form a trade union to protect their interests.
In 1901, American housewives also decided to remind themselves of their rights. They made an original statement by taking to the streets of Chicago with overturned pots and basins. With loud drumming, they demanded equal political rights, allowing them to work with men and serve in the army.
In 1908, on the same day, there was another demonstration on a national scale in America. Women asked to reduce working hours, increase wages, and prohibit children from working. They also wanted to take part in the elections. They were heard and they had to work not 16 hours, but 10. A national holiday also appeared, which was usually celebrated on the last winter Sunday. This decision was made by the Socialist Party. And in America this tradition has been preserved for four years.
Many people associate World Women's Day with Clara Zetkin, who represented the German and international labor movement. Most people are unfamiliar with this name. Some believe that she was not interested in anything in life except politics. But this is absolutely not true. She was not only a politician, the creator of a revolutionary detachment, but also an interesting and attractive woman.
The girl grew up in a teacher's family and followed in the footsteps of her parents, receiving a pedagogical education. During my student years, I attended political circles. It was here that Clara met her future husband Osip. The young couple was forced to leave Germany for Paris due to the unreliability of their husband. In France, Clara and Osip formalized their relationship and continued their revolutionary activities. Their mentor was Laura Lafargue, daughter of Karl Marx.
The life of the couple in Paris was not easy; they existed thanks to odd jobs. After the death of her husband, Clara Zetkin returned to Germany and joined the ranks of the left Social Democrats along with Rosa Luxemburg.
The decision to appear international holiday arose during a period of unstable times and radical ideologies.
An international conference was held in Copenhagen in 1910, in which socialist organizations from all over the world took part. One of the activists and conference participants, Clara Zetkin, came up with a proposal to create an international holiday for the protection of women's rights, timed to coincide with the day of the women's tailors' strike. Her proposal was approved.
The conference participants chose a day to honor the movement that defends women's rights. For the first time they had the right to vote. Women's Day was created to draw attention to issues of social and economic equality. On March 8, the female proletariat was born. It was a day of fighting poverty and discrimination of rights. The date of the holiday has not been confirmed.
At first, Elena Grinberg proposed the date of March 19 for celebrating Women's Day. Several countries supported this idea. Among them were Germany, Austria, Denmark and Switzerland. In 1912, the holiday was moved to May 12. A year later, the dates of celebration in all countries were different. And only in 1914 a common date was established and fixed - March 8.
There is another version of the emergence of the International women's day. Some people believe that Clara Zetkin decided to link the tailor protests with the Jewish people. There is a legend that the beloved of the Persian king saved the Jewish people. Esther bewitched Xerxes and protected the Jews from extermination. According to legend, this was on the 13th day of Adar. From this moment the holiday of Purim appeared. The date of celebration according to the Jewish religious calendar is sliding. But in 1910, Purim was celebrated on March 8th.
Russia celebrated the Day of All Women for the first time in 1913 in St. Petersburg. On this day, representatives of the fair sex wanted to raise several serious issues and sent a petition to the mayor. He allowed the meeting to take place on March 2. 1500 people came to the meeting. It addressed issues of suffrage, maternity care, and high costs.
In the USSR, March 8 became a red day on the calendar in 1966. Women's Day was declared a non-working day. A distinctive feature of this day was the official festive ritual. Business leaders reported on their performance for the benefit of women.
The period of perestroika was not easy for women. Their discrimination in the labor market was officially recognized. In 1995, at a conference in Beijing, the Russian Government decided to eliminate all forms of discrimination against women. A year later, documents were signed to improve the situation of the beautiful ladies of Russia. But there were no reports on the implementation of the measures taken.
Now March 8 remains a women's holiday in thirty countries. And if you still haven’t decided on a gift, then here are some recommendations for making her happy.
About the history of the holiday March 8, why exactly March 8 became Women's Day, when and how it was first celebrated holiday March 8. This is a story about the holiday of March 8 for adults and children. Teachers can use materials from this article when developing holiday cool hours and scripts dedicated to March 8th.
Today, almost the entire planet celebrates March 8 as a day of worship of a real woman, her beauty, wisdom and femininity, who save the world.
From the history of the holiday March 8
This beloved holiday on March 8 dates back to the traditions of Ancient Rome in the 1st century BC. It was believed that the goddess Juno, the wife of the great Jupiter, was endowed with great power and had enormous capabilities. She had many names: Juno-Calendar, Juno-Coin. .. She gave people good weather, harvest, good luck in business and opened every month of the year. But most of all, the Roman women worshiped Juno - Lucia (“the bright one”), who patronized women in general, and during childbirth in particular. She was revered in every home; gifts were brought to her upon marriage and at the birth of a child.
The most joyful holiday for the female half of Rome was March 1, dedicated to this goddess and called the Matrons. Then the whole city was transformed. Festively dressed women walked with wreaths of flowers in their hands to the temple of Juno Lucia. They prayed, brought gifts of flowers and asked their patroness for happiness in the family. It was a holiday not only for respectable Roman women, but also for slaves, whose work on this day was performed by male slaves. On March 1, men gave generous gifts to their wives, relatives and girlfriends, and did not ignore maids and slaves...
IN modern world Women's Day is celebrated on March 8th. The history of this holiday began in the 19th century, and it was dedicated to the day of the struggle for women's rights. It was on March 8, 1857 that a demonstration of women workers in clothing and shoe factories took place in New York. Then they demanded that they be given a ten-hour working day, acceptable working conditions and equal wages with men. Before this, women worked 16 hours a day and received mere pennies for it. After March 8, 1857, women's trade unions began to emerge, and women were given the right to vote for the first time. But only in 1910, at the International Women's Conference of Socialists in Copenhagen, Clara Zetkin proposed celebrating World Women's Day on March 8th. It was a kind of call to women all over the world to join the fight for independence and equality; and they responded by joining the struggle for the right to work, respect for their dignity, and for peace on earth. This holiday was first celebrated in 1911, but only on March 19, in Austria, Denmark, Germany and Switzerland. Then more than a million men and women took to the streets of these countries, and the demonstration took place under the slogan: “Suffrage for workers - to unite forces in the fight for socialism.” In Russia, International Women's Day was first celebrated in 1913 in St. Petersburg. Its organizers called for achieving economic and political equality for women. One of the most powerful performances by women took place in Petrograd on March 7, 1917. And in 1976, International Women's Day was officially recognized by the UN.
Today March 8 is a holiday of spring and light, a tribute to the traditional role of a woman as a wife, mother, and friend.
Who was the founder of the holidays on March 8: Clara Zetkin or Esther?
Many may have a question: was Clara Zetkin really the only ancestor of March 8? Historians also believe that the celebration of this holiday is associated with the legend of Esther. Many centuries ago, she saved her people from terrible death. Therefore, the most is dedicated to her happy holiday Jewish people - the holiday of Purim. It is celebrated almost at the same time as International Women's Day: at the end of winter - beginning of spring, on March 4.
Once upon a time, in 480 BC, all the Jews captured by the Babylonians gained freedom and could freely return back to Jerusalem. However, there were practically no people willing to leave Babylon, where the Jews spent almost their entire lives. Hundreds of thousands of Jews remained in the Persian Empire, and not at all as a labor force. Many of them managed to get a very good job and earn a good living.
Over time, the Jews became so accustomed to Babylon that even the indigenous inhabitants no longer understood who conquered whom: the Persians Jerusalem or the Jews Babylon. Then one of the ministers of the powerful ruler Xerxes, Haman, came to the king and told him that Jews had invaded their state. Xerxes decided to exterminate all the Jews.
His wife Esther, who hid her ethnic origin from her husband (she was Jewish), accidentally found out about Xerxes’ terrible plan. Clever Esther did not beg the king for mercy, but decided to use Xerxes’ love for herself. When the king was under the influence of her spell, she made him promise to destroy all the enemies of her people. Xerxes agreed to everything, and only some time later he discovered that he had promised his beloved wife to destroy all the enemies of the Jews, but it was no longer possible to retreat...
And on the 13th of Adar (a month in the Jewish calendar: approximately the end of February - the beginning of March), a royal decree regarding pogroms is spread throughout the Persian Empire. But it was radically different from what was originally intended to be created: this decree of Xerxes allowed Esther and her cousin and teacher Mordecai.
“And the king’s scribes were called, and everything was written as Mordecai had ordered to the rulers of one hundred and twenty-seven regions in the name of the king - that the king allows the Jews who are in every city to gather and stand up for their lives, to destroy, to kill and destroy all the mighty in the people and in the region who are at enmity with them, children and wives, and plunder their goods” (Esther 8:8-11). And for two days “all the princes in the regions, and the satraps, and the executors of the king’s affairs supported the Jews. And the Jews slew all their enemies, and destroyed them, and dealt with their enemies according to their own will” (Esther 9:3-5).
Minister Haman, who gave Xerxes the idea of exterminating the Jews, was executed by hanging along with his entire family. During this struggle, about 75 thousand Persians were destroyed. The Persian Empire was practically destroyed. The day of this significant victory for the Jews is still honored and celebrated.
Among the greatest sages, “there is even an opinion that when all the books of the prophets and hagiographers are forgotten, the book of Esther will still not be forgotten, and the holiday of Purim will not cease to be observed.”
Perhaps this legend was true, and Esther actually saved her people. And in gratitude for such a feat, Jews still honor the savior today, celebrating Purim. And everyone understands what the legend about the celebration is world day women also have the right to exist.
It became the day of the first revolutionary step of women - workers of textile and shoe factories in New York went out to a rally demanding a reduction in the working day, higher wages, improved working conditions, etc. In 1857, a woman's working day could be up to 16 hours, and wages were minimal, while similar male work was valued much higher. On this day, the first women's trade union was formed, which was to fight for women's rights in the workforce.
A few years later, in Copenhagen, at the International Women's Conference, Clara Zetkin proposed an annual women's day, which would be a call to women all over the world. Slogans about the struggle for equality, respect for dignity, peace and other revolutionary calls were heard at the meeting where it was customary to celebrate such a day on March 19. For three years after the congress, the holiday was held in different days, but in 1914 it was decided to hold an International Women's Day - since then the date has remained unchanged.
Gradually the holiday lost its political character, it was made a non-working day, and in Soviet years On this day, meetings were held where management honored honored women workers and reported on the implementation of state policy towards women.
Now on March 8, it is customary to give women flowers, gifts, organize corporate events, and encourage them with monetary rewards. Together with, when men are congratulated, the holiday has become a day when even kids kindergarten they prepare matinees for their family, and children congratulate their mothers, sisters and friends. At least give symbolic gift is considered obligatory, and girls know from childhood that on this day you have to be the most beautiful, and you can expect gifts and attention from boys.
By analogy with Mother's Day, on March 8, it is customary to go to visit grandmothers, congratulate them, and arrange feasts with abundant snacks, sweets and alcohol. Women's holiday is associated with the onset of spring, freshness and the revival of nature from hibernation, so he is already cheerful, cheerful and optimistic.
International Women's Day (or the UN International Day for Women's Rights and International Peace) is celebrated on March 8th.
In a number of countries, International Women's Day March 8 is a national holiday: in China, North Korea, Angola, Burkina Faso, Guinea-Bissau, Cambodia, Laos, Mongolia and Uganda.
After the collapse of the USSR, some republics of the former Union continue to celebrate March 8, some hastened to get rid of the Soviet legacy. In Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Moldova, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, Abkhazia, March 8 is still celebrated as International Women's Day.
In Tajikistan, on the initiative of the country's president, since 2009 the holiday began to be called Mother's Day. This day remains a non-working day in Tajikistan.
In Turkmenistan, International Women's Day was not celebrated until 2008 - the women's holiday was moved to March 21 (vernal equinox), combined with Navruz - the national spring holiday, and was called the National Spring and Women's Day. In January 2008, President of Turkmenistan Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov introduced changes to the Labor Code and
