This professional holiday was established by order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation dated September 6, 2002 “On declaring the day of district police officers” in order to maintain continuity in the work of district police officers, promote and disseminate positive experience and established traditions of their activities, and also taking into account their essential role in the implementation of tasks performed by internal affairs bodies.
With the entry into force of the Law “On the Police” on March 1, 2011, the police in the Russian Federation were officially renamed the police.
At all stages of the development of the Russian state, the service of precinct commissioners has occupied and continues to occupy an important place in the system of internal affairs bodies. The prototypes of the modern local police commissioner in the Russian state were the quarter warden, the local police officer, and the police officer. The services of local police officers and police officers existed before the October Revolution.
On November 17, 1923, the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the RSFSR approved the Instructions for the precinct warden. This regulatory legal document marked the beginning of the formation of the institution of district police officers in the Russian police.
By order of the NKVD of February 13, 1930, the positions of precinct wardens in cities and rural police officers working at polling stations received a new name - precinct police inspectors, and in 1939 - precinct commissioners.
Over the decades, the structure of the service of precinct commissioners has undergone changes. Since 1993, in accordance with the decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On public security police (local police) in Russian Federation“, she was introduced into the public security police, and the position again became known as “district police inspector.”
The Federal Law of the Russian Federation of December 29, 2000 “On Amendments to Articles 30 and 36 of the Law of the Russian Federation “On the Police” approved the name “precinct police commissioner”.
After the reform of the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation in 2011, the current name “precinct police commissioner” appeared. Today, the service of local police commissioners occupies a central place in the system of internal affairs bodies.
It is the district police officers who resolve most issues in the areas entrusted to them. While on duty, district police officers perform tasks to protect the life, health, rights and freedoms of citizens of the Russian Federation, foreign citizens, stateless persons, to combat crime, protect public order, property and ensure public safety.
The areas of activity of the local police commissioner while serving at the administrative site are:
Protection of the individual, society, state from illegal attacks;
Prevention and suppression of crimes and administrative offenses;
Identification and detection of crimes;
Proceedings in cases of administrative offenses.
The local police commissioner takes part in: ensuring law and order in public places; in the search and identification of persons; in monitoring compliance with the legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of arms trafficking; in ensuring road safety.
Today, there are more than 48 thousand local police commissioners in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. They work around the clock with the population in the territories under their jurisdiction, are the first to come to the aid of people in difficult times, and are involved in the prevention of domestic crime, child homelessness, alcoholism and drug addiction. Every fourth crime is solved by local police officers or with their assistance. For one district commissioner in the Russian Federation, on average there are 3,100 people served and 105 persons of various categories subject to control.
The profession of local police commissioners is not only a key link in the implementation of crime prevention in the system of internal affairs bodies, but one of the indicators of citizens' trust in the system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
Every year on the Day of Precinct Police Commissioners, ceremonial events are held, where veterans of the precinct service are also invited. Distinguished employees are awarded certificates and valuable gifts. Also, contests and competitions are traditionally organized among local police officers.
The material was prepared based on information from RIA Novosti and open sources
94 years ago, one of the oldest and one of the most important divisions was formed in the system of internal affairs bodies - the service of precinct commissioners.
At all stages of the development of the Russian state, the service of precinct commissioners has occupied and continues to occupy an important place in the system of internal affairs bodies. The prototypes of the modern precinct commissioner were the guard, the quarter warden, the local police officer, the police officer, the senior policeman, the local warden, and the local inspector.
Before the adoption on December 25, 1862 of the “Temporary Rules on the Organization of the Police in Cities and Uyezds of the Province,” the protection of public order was carried out by ordinary police officers, who were called guards - from the word “booth.” Armed with a halberd, that is, a long spear with an axe, the guard was on duty in the booth. More often it looked like a residential building, since the guard not only stood at his post, but also lived in the booth with his family.
After 1862, local police officers ensured the protection of public order. They were obliged, day and night, as often as possible, to go around the area entrusted to them to protect public peace and order, and to take measures prescribed by law to stop the violation of such. They were also instructed to prevent murders, robberies, robberies, thefts and other crimes against the personal safety of ordinary people.
The special instructions for the district guards stated that “he was not to ignore a single case, but, on the contrary, to pay attention to everything, follow everyone, remember all events and use all information if necessary.”
On July 9, 1878, the position of police officer was introduced into the staff of county police departments to perform police functions to ensure public order in counties and volosts. Within his area, the police officer performed multifunctional duties, he was involved in the prevention and suppression of crimes, drawing up protocols when offenses were detected, and was also obliged to suppress all actions directed against the government, undermining good morals and property rights.
The institute of police officers and police officers existed until 1917. In 1918-1920, instead of the indicated categories of police officers, the positions of senior police officers and volost police officers were introduced.
On November 17, 1923, the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the RSFSR approved the Instructions for the local warden. This regulatory legal document marked the beginning of the formation of the institution of district police officers in the Russian police. Therefore, the date November 17, in accordance with the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia dated September 6, 2002 No. 868 “On declaring the Day of Precinct Police Commissioners,” is considered the date of the beginning of the formation of the institution of precinct police commissioners in the internal affairs bodies and the Day of Precinct Police Commissioners.
Today, the service of precinct commissioners occupies a central place in the system of internal affairs bodies and is the guarantor of the protection of citizens from criminal attacks at their place of residence. Based on the results of its work, the internal affairs bodies are assessed as a whole; the trust of Russian citizens in law enforcement agencies directly depends on this.
The range of responsibilities of district commissioners is very extensive - first of all, protecting citizens, their lives and health from criminal attacks, preventing domestic crime, child homelessness, alcoholism and drug addiction, maintaining public order, solving crimes, anti-terrorism activities, interaction with public groups.
There are 397 local police commissioners serving in the ranks of the internal affairs bodies of the Komi Republic. Thanks to the effective work of district police officers, since the beginning of 2017, 18,347 administrative offenses and 2,269 crimes have been identified, of which 1,911 were solved by the district police officers themselves. In total, since the beginning of the year, the service of local police commissioners has received 144,782 applications and messages.
Press service of the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the Komi Republic
On November 17, Russian local police commissioners celebrate their professional holiday. These are the police officers who are closest to the people and, due to their professional duties, have the most close contact with the population, including on issues not directly related to the fight against crime and the protection of public order. District Police Commissioner's Day is a relatively young holiday. It already appeared in post-Soviet Russia, when on September 6, 2002, the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation issued order N 868 “On declaring the day of local police commissioners.” The order was signed by the acting Minister of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, Colonel General Vladimir Vasiliev. After the Russian police were renamed into police, the name of the holiday was changed accordingly - it became the Day of Precinct Police Commissioners. November 17 was not chosen as a memorable date by chance. In 1923, it was on this day that the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the RSFSR approved the “Instructions for the Precinct Warden,” which determined the work of the police officers responsible for maintaining order in specific areas.
However, although the modern service of district police officers has its roots in the Soviet era, in fact Russian district police officers began much earlier. In 1782, the “Charter of the Deanery or Policeman” was approved, which regulated police service in the cities of the Russian Empire. In accordance with this charter, the territories of cities were divided into administrative and police units, each of which was responsible for 200-700 households. The units included quarters responsible for 50-100 households. The quarter warden was responsible for maintaining order in the quarter. As a rule, the deanery council appointed a quarterly supervisor from among the senior supervisory lieutenants. The quarterly overseer was expected to exhibit exemplary behavior, a friendly attitude towards people, selflessness and diligent performance of official duties. In addition, the quarter overseer had to live on the territory of the quarter for which he was responsible, or at least in the vicinity of this quarter. The responsibilities of the quarter overseer included monitoring the observance of laws by the residents of the quarter, accounting and registration of all residents of the quarter, monitoring the veneration of the young by the elders, and by the servants of the masters, and the resolution of domestic quarrels and conflicts.
On December 25, 1862, new “Temporary Rules on the structure of the police in cities and districts of the province” were adopted, in accordance with which changes were made in the activities and structure of the police of the Russian Empire. In large cities, separate precincts were created, subordinate to local police officers. Each precinct usually included two or three districts. Each district covered 3-4 thousand inhabitants. The district guards were now responsible for maintaining order on the territory of the districts. The tasks of the district guards included patrol service in the territory of the district, combating violations of order and silence, prevention of murders, robberies, thefts, robberies and other crimes, getting to know all the inhabitants of the district, their lifestyle and moods, registration control, delivery of summonses, participation in inventory of property and so on. Subordinate to the police officer were policemen who served in the territory of the police station, and janitors, who in the Russian Empire, as is known, were considered police assistants and performed some police functions.
The position of a district overseer corresponded to the lowest 14th class of the Table of Ranks. In reality, police officers occupied an intermediate position between the lower ranks of the police - police officers, and higher-level police officials - bailiffs, etc. District guards wore shoulder straps with a large longitudinal braid - like army ensigns and modern foremen in the army and police.
On March 11, 1917, after the February Revolution, the position of a police officer in post-revolutionary Russia was abolished. The revolutionary authorities generally thought little about the fact that the police of the Russian Empire performed the most important functions for any society of fighting crime and delinquency, protecting public order, and the peace of citizens. The abolition of the old police inevitably affected law and order and public safety immediately after the February Revolution. The police of the Provisional Government, recruited from students and yesterday's high school students, did not represent a serious force capable of combating crime. The situation changed somewhat after the October Revolution, since the Bolsheviks sought to recruit the police from workers, among whom there were still older, stronger people, many with experience military service and wars. The positions of senior police officers and volost police officers were introduced in the Soviet police, who were responsible for ensuring law and order in certain territories.
However, streamlining the activities of law enforcement agencies in young Soviet Russia was complicated by the Civil War and the lack of financial and organizational resources to improve the activities of the Soviet police. However, by the beginning of the 1920s. Many steps have already been taken towards increasing the efficiency of police work. In 1922, the professional press raised the question of the need to return to the police a position similar to the pre-revolutionary police officer. In the end, the leadership of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the RSFSR agreed with the arguments of the supporters of the introduction of this position. At this time, the NKVD of the RSFSR was led by Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky, who was appointed to the post of People's Commissar on July 6, 1923.
On November 17, 1923, the “Instructions for the Precinct Warden” were approved. It defined job responsibilities district supervisor and gave a description of this position. According to the Instructions, the local supervisor was responsible for the protection of public order and security and supervision of citizens in a certain area of the city or urban settlement. Like the pre-revolutionary quarter and district guards, the district guards of the NKVD of the RSFSR had to live in the territory of the settlements of their district and could not leave their district without the appropriate permission of the district chief. Three days later, an order was issued, according to which the local supervisor received the right to supervise the performance of duty by police officers in the area entrusted to him. The standard for servicing sites was also fixed - 5,000 people per site.
In 1930, district supervisors of the city police and rural police officers who worked at the stations were renamed district police inspectors. This name remained until 1939, when district police inspectors were renamed district police commissioners. Only in 1970 did the previous name return - “district police inspector”. In 1974, local police inspectors were subordinated to the prevention service and included in the criminal investigation department - as employees responsible for the prevention of criminal crimes. However, in 1986, local police inspectors were again returned to the public order service. New changes in the organizational and staffing structure of the Ministry of Internal Affairs followed after the collapse of the Soviet Union, during the formation of sovereign Russian statehood. Thus, in 1993, the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation “On the public security police (local police) in the Russian Federation” was adopted. In accordance with this decree, there was one local police inspector per 3-3.5 thousand people in the city or per one rural or township Council of People's Deputies. In 2000, in accordance with the new decree, the position of district police inspector was renamed to district police commissioner, and in 2011, after the renaming of the police to the police - to district police commissioner.
District police commissioners are part of the departments (divisions, groups, directorates) supporting the activities of district police commissioners (ODUUP). The structure of the OODUUP provides for the following positions: 1) assistant to the local police commissioner, 2) local police commissioner, 3) senior local police commissioner, 4) deputy head of the department for supporting the activities of local police commissioners, 5) head of the department for supporting the activities of local police commissioners. However, depending on local specifics, the list of positions in specific departments and departments may change; for example, not everywhere there are assistant district police commissioners and deputy chiefs of OODUUP.
Today, the district police officer is one of the pillars of the Russian law and order system. Many district police officers in the 1990s - 2000s. took part in armed conflicts in the North Caucasus, protecting public order to the best of their ability. Some of them died in the line of duty while defending the constitutional order and ensuring the safety of citizens from criminals and terrorists.
Currently, the main areas in which local police commissioners carry out their activities are administrative practice, i.e. - drawing up protocols on administrative violations; identification and detection of crimes of minor and medium gravity; consideration of reports of crimes and citizens' appeals. In addition, local police commissioners are regularly involved in providing public order services in crowded places during public holidays. District police officers document all cases of death of a person outside a medical institution, in order to avoid concealment of cases of violent death.
One of the most important tasks of local police commissioners today is the prevention of crimes and offenses in the areas entrusted to them. Good job The district police officer inevitably affects the indicators - after all, if you really work with the problem population, observe the behavior of citizens recently released from prison, people with antisocial behavior, alcohol and drug addiction, then many criminal acts can be prevented.
Unfortunately, the specifics of the work of modern district police officers are such that they are overloaded with “paper” activities to the detriment of real practice in working with the population. Low salaries and high demands entail eternal problems of personnel shortages. It is difficult to demand effective work from a precinct commissioner if he is responsible not only for his own precinct, but also for several other precincts, since there are no precinct officers there and there is no one to fill vacant positions. Constant staff turnover remains a huge problem. The positions of district commissioners are filled by very young guys who, after working for a year or two, are transferred to other units or even quit the internal affairs bodies. Naturally, it is impossible to become a real expert in your area, to gain fame and authority among the population, especially among the specific contingent with which police officers have to work, in such a short period of time.
Very often, local police officers are forced to engage not in a romantic fight with criminals, as shown in films about the police, but in absolutely routine activities related to responding to citizens’ complaints, including those not related to the scope of the police. After all, pensioners who are dissatisfied with the behavior or personalities of their neighbors, “Italian families” in which quarrels and scandals have long become a peculiar way of life, often turn to district commissioners. All their complaints must be listened to, recorded, and conversations must be held with people. On the other hand, communication with the most deviant and asocial groups of the population is inevitable in the work of a district police officer. The district police officer, due to his professional duties, must come into contact with alcoholics and drug addicts, prostitutes and moonshiners, homeless people and the mentally ill.
There is also an obvious problem with employee motivation - a serious career in the position of district commissioner is almost impossible, unless you use this position as a springboard to move to another department. What can a district police officer become? Senior district police officer? Head of the district division of precinct officers? Therefore, ambitious and career-oriented young employees in the internal affairs bodies prefer, after working as a district police officer, to be transferred to other departments. Reverse side the medals are corrupt employees who, on the contrary, hold on to their place for years, if not decades, having turned their activities into an illegal business and completely merged with shadow entrepreneurs, or even outright criminals. However, this is a problem not only for the local police service, but also for other police units and the Russian law enforcement system as a whole.
Nevertheless, the profession of a local police commissioner today remains one of the most in demand in internal affairs bodies. Among Russian district police officers there are many honest and decent people who valiantly serve and fulfill all the duties assigned to them. per day professional holiday It remains to wish the Russian district police officers not only health, material well-being and the absence of combat losses, but also, no less important, respect from the population, so that residents always value their local police officers and take them into account.
Ctrl Enter
Noticed osh Y bku Select text and click Ctrl+Enter
"Our service is both dangerous and difficult...", - these famous lines are perfectly suited to the profession of the district police commissioner (UPP), because the district police officer is one of the important links in the chain of internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. Each employee is assigned a certain territory, and citizens living there can always count on the comprehensive assistance and assistance of the district commissioner in solving many problems. The competence of the UUP includes the prevention of crime, participation in the investigation of a criminal or administrative case, the protection of the rights of citizens, and the strengthening of law and order in the entrusted territory.
It's no surprise that these dedicated employees have their own "red calendar day." This November 17 , Day of the local police commissioner. The date of the holiday was not chosen by chance. The fact is that November 17, 1923 is the day on which the institution of local police officers in Russia officially began to take shape. The People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the RSFSR approved the "Instructions for the local warden." On February 13, 1930, the local supervisor was renamed to the local police inspector and was called that until December 29, 2000, until the new name of the position was approved - the local police commissioner. In 2011, the famous police reform thundered throughout the country, after which the current modern name was established - the district police commissioner.At the same time, the functional responsibilities of district police officers did not survive such metamorphoses as the name of their position. Quite serious requirements are imposed on the UUP: this includes having a higher legal education, excellent physical fitness, emotional and mental stability, and simply humanity and courage.
The decision to annually celebrate the day of the authorized district police officer was made relatively recently: on September 6, 2002, the acting Minister of Internal Affairs, Colonel General of Police V.A. Vasilyev signed the order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation “On declaring the day of local police commissioners.” He fixed the start date for the formation of the UUP service (November 17, 1923), the date for celebrating the day of the UUP, and also charged the relevant services with the development of festive events. By establishing this holiday, the Ministry of Internal Affairs set itself a more than good goal: raising the prestige of the profession, strengthening traditions, and maintaining continuity.
On this day, 54 thousand employees, along with service veterans and trainees, accept congratulations from management, from their family and friends, receive awards, and participate in various ceremonial events. The holiday has become good tradition for internal affairs bodies.
By the way, it is noteworthy that in Russia there is only one monument to a precinct commissioner. It is located in Penza. This is a monument to police captain G.A. Shelkov, who held the post in the 50s and 60s of the 20th century.
Yesterday, a ceremonial meeting was held at the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs in the Murmansk region dedicated to the 90th anniversary of the formation of the service of local police commissioners in the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Heads of departments, personnel and veterans gathered in the hall to congratulate its best representatives.
The service of precinct commissioners actually has a longer, centuries-old history and long-standing traditions. At the beginning of the 18th century, by decree of Peter the Great, the position of a police station supervisor was introduced, and then the “Charter of the Deanery” was issued, according to which the city was divided into parts headed by bailiffs or supervised by police officers.
During the reign of Catherine the Great, the police also had officers whose duties included maintaining public order and protecting citizens from criminal attacks.
Formation of the district police service in new history dates back to November 17, 1923, when, by order of the chief of police of the republic, “Instructions for the local police officer” were introduced. The word “supervisor” did not fit into the vocabulary that existed at that time, and in 1930 a new name appeared - “precinct police inspectors.”
In the 90s, changes in political and economic conditions introduced certain difficulties into the work of precinct officers. The liquidation of medical and labor dispensaries for chronic alcoholics, a decrease in the number of citizens participating in law enforcement activities, the lack of a clear legislative framework regulating preventive work and a number of other points influenced the crime situation in the country, including in our region.
Today, the service of local police commissioners is an updated system of units within the internal affairs bodies that has undergone a serious reorganization, with its own, not yet fully resolved problems and broad prospects. In the internal affairs bodies of the Murmansk region there are 14 departments of the police department, where about 300 local police commissioners serve. During the current year, they have already solved 1,280 crimes, identified more than 12,000 administrative offenses, put 9,139 people on preventive registration, detained 309 wanted persons, and considered almost 89 thousand complaints and appeals from citizens.
As the chief of police of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs for the Murmansk region, Colonel Sergei Prikhodko, emphasized in a solemn address to the district commissioners:
Your service once had only three main tasks: protecting public peace, monitoring the light on the streets and in courtyards, and monitoring the opening and closing of retail outlets. Now there is not a single service in the internal affairs bodies that has such a significant volume of tasks. They counted - she was entrusted with more than a hundred responsibilities!
In the region, at each site, more than 45 materials on appeals and messages from citizens are processed per month. The local police commissioner is a key figure in state system crime prevention. He is engaged in the prevention, suppression and detection of crimes. It ensures the personal and property security of citizens, protects public order, identifies administrative offenses and takes appropriate response measures, supervises drug addicts, parolees, dysfunctional families, troubled teenagers and much, much more.
In the Murmansk region there are such remote corners of the countryside where the district police officer is also an operative, and an investigator, and a duty unit, and a traffic police department, and a police patrol. All rolled into one. Given the remoteness of settlements from each other and from the department of internal affairs, almost the entire amount of work to ensure public order falls on the employees of this service.
It is the district commissioners who are closest to the citizens; it is to them that people first turn to with requests for help. Therefore, it is no coincidence that the main criterion for evaluating their work is authority and respect from the population. Citizens evaluate the district police officer from appearance, before he performs his professional duties and is used to judge the work of the police as a whole. All this imposes a special responsibility. You must be the “mini-police chiefs” of your precinct.
I wish you and especially your wives patience. Due to your workload, they are at home for both mom and dad. Let the children be proud that you occupy such a truly important position!
The veterans of the service were thanked by the Order of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia for the Murmansk Region. Among them is retired police colonel Vladimir Ilyich Boyko, who served in the internal affairs bodies for thirty years. For a long time he worked as a local police inspector, as well as the head of this service. He held the position of Deputy Head of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Murmansk Region Internal Affairs Directorate. He remembers how they once rejoiced at the first voluntary people's squad, equipping a stronghold with a telephone and a typewriter. He advises young people to know everyone in their area by sight and go door to door. At first I ran around like this and wrote everything down in my notebook. The ability to talk and get the right interlocutor to talk is 50 percent of success.
Retired police lieutenant colonel Igor Veniaminovich Rakov devoted many years to the profession of a local police officer. For a long time he worked as a local police inspector in the Oktyabrsky District Department of Internal Affairs of Murmansk, then headed the department for organizing the activities of local police commissioners of the Internal Affairs Directorate of the Murmansk Region. Retired police lieutenant colonel Zurab Rezovich Milorava served in the internal affairs bodies since 1989. He worked as a local police inspector, and later headed this service at the Oktyabrsky District Department of Internal Affairs in Murmansk.
Among those noted is retired police lieutenant colonel Nikolai Viktorovich. Koptyaev, retired police lieutenant colonel Alexander Vladimirovich Kiselev and retired police major Andrei Pavlovich Usatenko.
Nowadays, real professionals also work in the UUP service of the Murmansk region. Elmar Magomedrasulov, police captain and district commissioner of police department No. 2 of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs for the city of Murmansk, was awarded a diploma of honor from the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs for the Murmansk region. It is not uncommon for him to receive gratitude from citizens whom he helped. At one time he was recognized as the best in the regional competition professional excellence.
Police Major, District Commissioner of Police of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia "Kandalaksha" Yuri Tyapin also received a certificate of honor. Came to the Department of Internal Affairs in 1996. Recently, on their own, before the arrival of the police squad, they practically stopped a mass fight in the city House of Culture, where about 20 people took part. Several of them, including the local police officer, were injured.
Police Lieutenant Colonel Alexey Guryanov, who holds the position of Deputy Chief of the Apatitsky Military District of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, was awarded with a valuable gift. During his service life of over 20 years, he was repeatedly sent on business trips to the territory of the North Caucasus federal district. Last year I visited there as the commander of a combined detachment.
By order of the governor of the Murmansk region, 6 employees were rewarded with commendations and badges of honor “For valiant service in the Arctic.” 6 more people were awarded letters of gratitude on behalf of the Chairman of the Murmansk Regional Duma.
Press service of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs for the Murmansk region
