For several years now, the economic situation in the country has been steadily deteriorating. Ever-increasing inflation leads to the destruction of small and medium-sized enterprises, the loss of jobs by hundreds and thousands of people, and waves of mass layoffs, so the issue of government support for unemployed citizens is especially acute.
Back in 2012, the Ministry of Labor, anticipating the difficult circumstances in which the country’s citizens would find themselves, developed the “Promotion of Employment” program. The purpose of this program was to prevent the growth of tension in the labor market, attract foreign workers, and help maintain a high quality of life and qualifications of workers. According to this program, maximum benefit unemployment was expected to increase in 2016.
How the state supports unemployed citizens
Just a hundred and fifty years ago, a person, finding himself without work, could only count on the loss of all property from the borrowers and, depending on the initial quantity, on a more or less delayed death from starvation. People were ready to take any job, regardless of working conditions, pay and their qualifications: as long as they were confident that they would definitely have at least some payments or rations. Despite the fact that labor was cheap and its supply almost always exceeded demand, production developed at a rather leisurely pace. A rare person had the opportunity to improve his skills, despite the fact that he earned his bread and water with daily sweat and blood.
So it was quite logical for the emergence of trade unions and employment centers: they not only came to the aid of workers, who were given clearly defined rights, but also helped production develop. But this is only a historical reference.
Today, if temporarily unemployed, a person can count on help that will be provided to him at the expense of the state budget. This money compensates for the temporary inability to work while the person is looking for a new place of employment. While in unemployed status, the amount social payments accrued from the date of registration at the Employment Center. But there are also some caveats.
Social benefits are needed to help a person who is temporarily in a difficult situation and is looking with all his might for a way out of it. By registering with the Employment Center, a person thereby undertakes to go for interviews to all firms and enterprises, where they will find a vacancy that is available and suitable for education and experience, to attend various gatherings and seminars that are organized by the Employment Center, and finally, to try with all his might to find new place of work. The maximum period for payment of benefits is 24 months, but the employment service authorities reserve the right to reduce payments, suspend or even cancel them altogether. Budget money will not be wasted on able-bodied dependents!
At the moment, it is legally established that the payment of benefits is terminated completely under the following circumstances:
- Employment.
- Change of residence.
- Prolonged failure to appear without proper justification.
- An attempt to obtain funds fraudulently.
- Obtaining pensioner status.
- Serving a sentence.
Also, the accrual of social benefits may be suspended. This usually happens in cases where an unemployed person allows himself to commit various administrative violations or shows disinterest in finding a job. In particular, the following actions can lead to this:
- refusal of two suitable employment options;
- appearing for re-registration under the influence of alcohol or drugs;
- dismissal under an article indicating violations of labor discipline;
- refusal to participate in paid work;
- failure to appear for re-registration.
Unemployment benefit amount
It is worth saying right away that the amount of social payments is uneven over the entire period of their accrual. The maximum possible occurs in the initial period, when a person, having just lost his job, registers with the Employment Center, then gradually decreases his employment. In order to receive financial support from the state, you must come to the Employment Center with a package of the following documents:
- Work book.
- A certificate of income from the last place of work in the prescribed form (it must be issued by the accounting department of the organization where the person worked before dismissal).
- Passport.
- Diploma or other educational document, depending on educational institution, which was completed by the person addressing.
If a person decides to register without having work experience, then his documents are limited to a passport and a diploma. The work book will be issued at the first place of work.
The amount of compensation payments for job loss in our country has not changed since 2009. Minimum monthly allowance is 850 rubles. Only persons who apply immediately after university (college, school) can count on it. The maximum you can count on is 4,900 rubles plus regional allowances. The amount of unemployment benefits depends on the amount of recent earnings and is paid as a percentage of them. 75% - in the first 3 months, 60% - the next 4. Then payments are calculated at the rate of 45%.
The labor exchange is necessary to help citizens find employment. Anyone can use the services of this body. In order to register with this organization, you will need to collect the necessary documents. After registering on the exchange, its employees will look for jobs for vacant positions.
How to register at the labor exchange and receive unemployment benefits
To register with the labor exchange, you first need to find out where in your city its location is. An important criterion when registering at this center is that you do not have a job, in other words, you must be unemployed.
An important criterion for your data should be the desire to work, and not just receive unemployment benefits and do nothing. In most cases, people turn to such an organization for help in finding employment, because... for some reason, an unemployed person cannot find a job on his own.
In cases where you have not worked anywhere before, due to certain circumstances, the exchange employees may offer you to take special training courses. Specialized courses can be of any type.
To register any unemployed citizen, you must submit necessary documents. The package of documents consists of the following list:
- Passport of an unemployed citizen;
- Work book, if you have previously worked and you have it;
- If you previously worked, you must provide a certificate from your last place of work about the average salary for the last 3 months;
- Diplomas and certificates of education, if you have previously studied somewhere.
When selecting the right vacancy for you, the labor exchange staff will take into account your experience in any field and the knowledge you have gained. If you do not have work experience, then you will be provided with training courses, on the basis of which an appropriate job will be selected for you in the future.
Who has the right to register at the labor exchange
If for some reason you have decided to resign of your own free will or your employer has insisted on it, then you should think about looking for a new job. The only exception would be if the reason for your leaving your previous one was to move to another one with better wages and working conditions. In other cases, you should contact the employment center. There they will help you find a decent job in a short time.
Many people are interested in the question of who has the right to join the labor exchange and receive unemployment benefits. The answer to the question presented is an unemployed citizen of the Russian Federation. IN Federal Law RF, and specifically Article 3 talks about the criteria for recognizing a citizen as unemployed. This is considered to be a person who is not registered with any company or organization. Also, who does not receive any payments for her work. Those. does not receive wages from any sources. But it is possible that there may be cash benefits for some disability groups and so on. If a person who is looking for work receives alimony payments, then count on state support it is not worth it in the form of money from the employment center.
After submission, by a citizen in need of work, the package necessary documents- he has the right to count on financial benefits from the state.
From what day are benefits accrued?
Unemployment payments are calculated from the first day after registration at the labor exchange. And then benefits are paid monthly. But it is worth considering that unemployment benefits will not last a lifetime. According to the legislation of our country, it is considered that cash assistance can be carried out within 12 months, it is not necessary that they be consecutive. The main thing is for 18 months, i.e. half a year, benefits were paid only 12 times.
But in cases where citizens were unable to find work within 18 months, they may be assigned to receive benefits again.
Cash assistance is paid to the unemployed only on the condition that they come monthly to re-register. But the employment service department may assign other deadlines.
How to calculate benefits at the labor exchange
Anyone can submit documents to register with the labor exchange. This should undoubtedly be done by all those who do not have a workplace. After all, there is no such thing as excess money. And government assistance from such an organization will come in handy. This will allow you to make purchases, pay utilities until you find a permanent job.
Cash assistance from the labor exchange for unemployment is paid to people in need based on the provision of a certificate from a previous place of work. This certificate must contain all information about payments of average wages over the last 3 months before dismissal. It is important that the potential benefit recipient worked in his previous job for more than 4 months. And the main condition for former job It was a whole working day.
In the first year after you register with the labor exchange, benefits will be calculated according to the following principle:
- in the initial 3 months - 75% of the average salary earned at the previous place of work;
- in the next 4 months - 60%;
- further - 45%.
Minimum benefit at the labor exchange 2017
– this is, first of all, a loss of financial stability. Being in this state, a person begins to look for alternative ways of financial support. One of these is compensation from the state employment center.
To register with the local labor exchange, working age is a mandatory attribute: for women it is from 16 to 55 years, for men from 16 to 60 years. In addition, this body has the right to register only those who come to their place of permanent registration.
How much should you pay at the labor exchange?
The minimum unemployment payment for 2017 is 850 rubles. The maximum value of such payments does not exceed 4,900 rubles.
Important!
For those who are registered in Moscow, the benefit amount increases by 850 rubles. That is, the minimum level will be 1,700 rubles.
A bill has been submitted to officials for consideration, which proposes increasing these values from 1,000 to 10,000 rubles, but a decision has not yet been made.
An exchange employee will calculate the exact amount you can claim. In this case, special coefficients, the level of recent salaries and the reason for dismissal are taken into account.
What are special odds?
Their second name is regional coefficients. These are indicators that are used for workers in certain regions Russian Federation. The more severe the climatic conditions in the region, the higher its coefficient. They range from 1.15 to 2.0. Information about them can be found on the Internet. The benefit is multiplied by this amount.
How can I find out my latest salary level?
The amounts of your working income for the last three months at the workplace are written out on a certificate form and submitted to the labor exchange authorities. The owner or accountant of the company where you worked is responsible for issuing the certificate.
What to do if there is no certificate?
The exchange employee will act according to the situation. Or will appoint minimum allowance(if you have not worked before), or will take the minimum wage as a basis ( minimum size wages).
The general scheme for calculating unemployment payments is presented in the table
Scheme for calculating unemployment benefits upon dismissal due to reduction
That is, a person cannot receive unemployment benefits for more than 36 months.
Example 1
teacher junior classes Norilsk quit her job by agreement of the parties and came to the labor exchange 4 days after that. The required package of documents included a certificate of income for the last three months: 17,562, 18,021, 17,897 rubles.
To calculate her benefits for the first three months, the exchange employee used the formula:
(Average earnings*Regional coefficient)* 75%
((17,562 + 18,021 + 17897/3)*1.8) *0.75 = 24,066 rubles = 4,900
Since the upper limit of the benefit is 4,900 rubles, this is the maximum that a teacher can qualify for.
Example 2
An economist at a small Moscow company was laid off and turned to the local employment center for help in finding a new job. For the last three months, her official salary was: 10,350, 11,121, 10,456 rubles, respectively.
The employees calculated her benefits using the following formula:
(Average earnings*Regional coefficient)* 100%
((10350 + 11,121 + 10456/3)*1) *1 = 10,642 rubles = 4,900
Again, 4,900 is the maximum benefit amount.
Let us also highlight certain categories of citizens who can only claim the minimum level of payments:
- People who are looking for work for the first time;
- People who have officially worked no more than 26 weeks over the past year;
- People who have been fired for theft, fraud, or other violations. In these cases, the benefit can be awarded only after three months.
