Description of the presentation by individual slides:
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What is knitwear? Surely, there is no such person who would not have knitted items in his wardrobe. Knitwear today is one of the most popular and favorite materials. Translated from French this word means "to knit". The knitted fabric is knitted on a knitting machine by interlacing pre-created loops.
3 slide
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General information The Neva5 knitting machine is practically no different from other single-circuit knitting machines. The thread coming from the skein is tucked into the input wire eyes of the thread feeder and passed between the tensioner plates. After this, the thread is inserted into the thread holder, and then into the wire eye on the edge of the wire tensioner. The thread used for knitting is threaded into the thread guide on the carriage and the latch is closed. The thread that is not currently being used is attached in a taut state to a special clamp on the thread feeder stand. Toyota KS 858 is a fairly popular model of a Japanese knitting machine that appeared in our country in the early 80s. Toyota KS-858 is a convenient and reliable knitting machine that has a block for using punched cards, including a push-button selection of needles instead of a punched card, an additional openwork carriage and many accessories that make knitting easier on the machine. In addition, this model knitting machine can be used as a two-piece knitting machine. Yarn for a knitting machine differs from yarn for hand knitting even in the method of winding the thread into a skein. Skeins of yarn for hand knitting can be used on a knitting machine, but they must be rewound on a special device. Laying the thread in a skein in a certain way ensures uniform removal of the thread from the skein, which guarantees uniform tension of the loops in the fabric. Yarn for a knitting machine can be folded from several thin threads into one. The yarn becomes uniform in thickness and elastic, which during the knitting process reduces the load on the working units of the knitting machine and reduces its noise.
4 slide
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What is knitwear made from? Often, knitwear is made from natural threads such as cotton and wool. Garments made from such knitwear are very high quality and durable. They are hygroscopic, air and vapor permeable, and do not electrify. Synthetic fibers are also used to produce knitted fabric, however, such knitwear is not breathable and practically does not absorb moisture. Items made from synthetic knitwear strongly accumulate an electrostatic charge (they become electrified), which necessitates the use of an antistatic agent.
5 slide
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Consumer properties Performance properties depend on the type of weave, the properties of the yarn (threads), and the finishing. Tensile strength. Repeated stretching impacts deteriorate the durability of knitwear, and mechanical failure may occur. Abrasion resistance, unravelability, elasticity, and shrinkage of fabrics affect the service life and reliability of knitwear. Hygienic properties. Knitted products must be harmless and must not emit toxic chemicals or foreign odors at any time of the year and in any weather. Knitwear products must be hygroscopic, which is especially important for underwear knitwear, breathable, and heat-protective. Aesthetic properties. Knitwear must be fashionable. The main aesthetic properties of knitted fabrics - texture, color scheme, transparency, shine and dullness, stability of shape during use, drapeability.
6 slide
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8 slide
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linen; upper; hosiery; glove; shawl-scarf. Knitted underwear and outerwear are sewn from knitted fabric, other types are created on a knitting machine. High-quality underwear knitwear absorbs moisture well, allows air to pass through, is elastic, pleasant to the body, and the underwear fits the body. These qualities characterize knitwear from Ivanovo. The raw material for this material is cotton and lavsan fabric. The thread from which underwear is made is flexible, and a loop of this thread retains its shape. There is also a so-called plated fabric, the front side of which is knitted from silk, the back side from cotton. Outerwear and hosiery intended for winter are made using thread with a loose structure; in the production of other hosiery, denser twisted thread is used.
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By type of raw material Homogeneous products are produced from yarn of natural fibers (cotton, wool, etc.), from yarn or threads from artificial fibers (viscose, acetate, etc.), from yarn or threads from synthetic fibers (nylon, nitron, etc.) Heterogeneous - include products made from yarn of natural fibers mixed with chemical fibers or in combination with yarn or threads from chemical fibers.
11 slide
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By type of raw material By manufacturing method Knitted - the process of making fabric or products from one or more threads by bending them into loops and connecting the loops to each other using simple tools manually (crochet hook, knitting needles, needle, fork) or on a special machine (mechanical knitting). Knitting, as a technique, refers to a type of weaving. Cut products are made from knitted “coupons” of given sizes. Such products have a rolled (not rolled) edge on the sleeve, front, or back; they are sewn at the conjugations of the back with the front and sleeve. Partially cut garments have a great advantage in achieving the best fit of clothing. Combined weaves are interweaves of two or more elements with elementary links of various shapes.
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Slide 13
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Men's knitwear Men's fashion in knitwear also dictates its own new rules. This autumn-winter season, knitted jackets with a zipper, jumpers with a V-neck and a ring pattern are at the top of their popularity. Color range: muted green, soft lilac, gray of various shades, chocolate, and also the same black. An important component of the fashionable image in the autumn-winter season are knitwear accessories: caps, hats, gloves and, of course, scarves. The scarf should now be long, openwork, pastel colors, and most importantly, as if it was just knitted by your grandmother: cozy and soft.
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Women's knitwear Women's knitwear - from the manufacturer, catwalk trends and rules for combining colors and textures change, and knitted outfits always remain popular. Coziness, softness and comfort - these are the unique qualities of knitwear, which are undoubtedly beyond competition. Knitted items are fashion that transcends time, borders and frames. This is style and individuality. Knitted fabrics are varied - wool, viscose and cotton. The naturalness of the fibers allows the fabric to breathe and absorb moisture. Therefore, knitted clothing is equally suitable for both summer and winter weather. Knitted fabric, depending on the weaving method, varies in density, elasticity, hygroscopicity, breathability and heat protection.
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Children's knitwear It should be noted that knitwear is an irreplaceable item in a child's wardrobe. It is difficult to dress and undress children; they also need freedom of movement and comfort so that nothing gets in the way. Knitted clothing fits perfectly. This makes mother’s work easier when she needs to undress or dress her baby. It's no secret that children don't like to get dressed, so mom needs to make this process quick and easy. It is much easier to put comfortable knitted clothes on a child, which are elastic and tend to stretch and then return to their original shape. In addition, it retains heat well, allows air to pass through, does not restrict movement, and the child feels comfortable in such a thing.
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Slide 17
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Quality of knitwear How to choose knitwear? When buying a knitted item, it is very important to pay attention to its quality. To do this: You need to carefully inspect the product. It should be elastic and keep its shape. For better inspection, the product must be placed on a well-lit, flat surface and the edges and seams inspected. The edges should not be stretched, and the seams should be smooth, not skewed and neatly processed; the accuracy of processing also applies to loops and other parts. If the product was on a hanger, it is necessary to inspect the places where the hanger and clothing touched. They should not be stretched or frayed due to being on hangers for a long time. Best choice knitwear is knitwear with the addition of artificial threads. They make the item stronger and it doesn’t stretch as much when worn. The ideal combination is considered to be 20-30% artificial fiber (viscose, acrylic and others), 80-70% natural (cotton, wool). Wool warms in cold weather, cotton is ideal for the hot season. The more synthetics in a piece of clothing, the cheaper it is. However, its quality is also deteriorating. It does not allow air and moisture to pass through well, becomes electrified, and pellets appear during wear. Clothes of this quality are generally not acceptable for children. Synthetic fibers in combination with natural fibers make the item stronger, more pleasant to the body, and increase the service life of the product. In clothes for children, it is ideal if the knitwear is made entirely of cotton thread (composition 100% cotton), the seams and labels should not be rough, the product should not fade when washed, children's clothing should be soft and elastic.
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Marking Finished knitted products are marked indicating their quality and size. For marking knitted products, fabric or fabric labels are used. knitted tapes; hosiery can also be marked by applying paint to products from special paper. The labels indicate the following information: trademark; name and location of the enterprise; article number; variety, size and height (product length); number of the standard and technical specifications for the product; release date (month, year); color fastness (for outerwear and underwear); retail price.
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Packaging Knitted products are packaged in primary and secondary packaging and in containers for transportation. Primary packaging of products is envelopes made of paper, cellophane, polyethylene. Knitted products made from chemical fibers (combinations, shirts, men's and children's outer shirts, blouses, shirtfronts, hosiery) are pre-folded on inserts made of cardboard or thick paper. Products packed in envelopes are placed tightly in boxes, which are then sealed with tape. A label is glued to the lid of the box or to its end. The boxes are placed in transport containers - wooden or cardboard boxes, on which the packing list number, gross weight in kilograms and packing date are printed.
21 slides
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Trade and technological process Textile goods (fabrics and non-woven materials and products made from them), knitted goods, sewing goods (clothing, linen, hats), fur products and shoes must undergo pre-sale preparation before being delivered to the sales floor, which includes: unpacking , sorting and inspection of goods; checking the quality of the product (by external signs) and the availability of the necessary information about the product and its manufacturer; if necessary, cleaning and ironing of products and their minor repairs. Products offered for sale must be grouped by type, model, size, height and displayed on the sales floor. Taking into account the peculiarities of trade, samples of goods offered for sale can be displayed on the sales floor, for which the buyer is given the opportunity to select and purchase the goods he needs. Products must have labels indicating their name, article number, price, size (for clothing, linen and other garments, shoes, hats) and height (for clothing and linen), type of fur and color of its color (for clothing, hats and fur collars)
22 slide
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Lesson type: combined lesson
Lesson time: 90 min
Lesson objectives:
- Educational- formation of a knowledge system on the structure and characteristics of knitted fabric; consolidation and generalization of theoretical knowledge;
- Developmental- promote the development of students’ speech, the development of the ability to analyze, compare and highlight the main thing, contribute to the formation and development of cognitive interest in the subject;
- Educational- promote the development of communication skills and responsibility in students.
Form of conducting classes: didactic game
Type of game (according to gaming methodology): business
Teaching methods: verbal (explanation, lecture, note-taking); visual (demonstration of a multimedia presentation); practical (didactic game).
Learning Tools: multimedia presentation "Knitted fabric", task cards.
Table 1 - Lesson plan on the topic "Knitted fabric"
| Lesson stages (time) | Teacher's actions | Student Actions |
| Organizational part (3 min) | Checks absences, availability of educational - teaching materials | Greetings from the teacher. Write down the topic of the lesson |
| Preparing students to perceive new material (5 min) | Motivation: After studying the new material, you will be able to easily answer the following questions: What features of knitted fabric are important to consider when designing products, cutting and processing products made from knitted fabric? How to properly care for garments made from knitted fabric? Also, the material you learn today will help you in the future. educational activities when studying other disciplines such as industrial training, sewing processing technology |
Listen to the teacher |
| Presentation of new material (30 min) | State the topic and purpose of the lesson. Lesson topic:"Knitted fabric." Purpose of the lesson To familiarize students with the structure of knitted fabric, properties, and features of manufacturing knitted fabric.
|
Listen to the teacher, take notes on the material in a notebook |
| Primary consolidation of new material (5 min) | The teacher conducts a frontal survey on the material covered:
|
Participate in a frontal survey |
| Summing up and grading (2 min) | The teacher checks the availability of notes and gives grades for notes and answers to questions. | Show notes |
| Organizational part (5 min) | The teacher explains the course of the lesson, explains the rules of the game | Listen to the teacher and divide into teams |
| Exercise (30 min) | The teacher acts as a presenter, distributes task cards, makes sure that the game follows the rules, gives out tokens, checks the correctness of answers | Participate in the game |
| Summing up and grading (7 min) | The teacher awards the winners and the second-place team. Gives grades for the game | The tokens are counted and the winner is determined. |
| Issuing D/Z (3 min) | The teacher gives homework: Take samples of knitted fabrics, describe these samples, determine the structure, type of knitted fabric and write what products can be made from this knitted fabric |
Write down homework for the next lesson |
1 lesson. Lesson of new knowledge
The topic of the lesson is “Knitted fabric”.
1. Organizational moment(3 min)
The topic of the lesson is “Knitted fabric”. The first lesson we will study new material, in the second lesson we will consolidate the material covered by means of the game.
2. Preparing students to perceive new material (3 min)
Studying knitted fabrics, their types, specific properties, design and processing features of knitted fabric products will be useful to you, both in everyday life, you will learn how to properly care for knitted products, and for subsequent production activities related to the design of knitted fabric products.
3. Presentation of new material. Lecture (30 min)
The presentation contains basic concepts and a summary of new material; I will explain and explain to you the basic concepts and terms. You will take notes on all the information in your notebook yourself.
Let's start with the definition of knitted fabric. Knitted fabric- textile material obtained from textile threads as a result of the formation of loops and their interconnection. (2 slide)
Knitted fabrics are produced from various types of textile threads: homogeneous and mixed yarns from natural and chemical fibers, artificial and synthetic filament threads. High-volume yarns and textured threads are widely used. (3.4 slide)
According to the method of formation, knitwear is divided into cross-knitted (knitted) and warp-knitted. In cross-knitted knitwear, all loops of one loop row are formed from one thread, so it easily unravels in the direction of the loop row.
In warp knitted fabric, each loop of the loop row is formed from its own separate thread. Therefore, to obtain a loop row, you need as many threads as there are loops in the row. Warp knitted fabric unravels in the direction of the stitch stitch. (5 slide)
Knitted weaves
Main weaves
The group of main weaves is represented by the simplest weaves, consisting of identical loops.
Main cross-knit weaves
These include satin stitch, eraser and purl knitwear. (8,9,10 slide)
The main warp weaves include chain, leotard, satin, ribbed leotard, and ribbed satin. (11-13 slide)
Double weaves - ribbed leotard, ribbed chain, ribbed satin - are formed by alternating knit stitches and purl stitches. (14 slide)
Derivative weaves
Derivative cross-knit weaves: derivative satin stitch, interlock. (15,16 slide)
Derivative warp weaves: broadcloth and charme. (17 slide).
Patterned weaves
Patterned knitted weaves are formed on the basis of main and derivative weaves. Their diversity is achieved by changing the structure of the basic weaves, their combinations, introducing additional threads, and skipping loops.
Patterned combined weaves are obtained by combining different types of weaves. One of the most common combined warp-knit low-stretch weaves is chain - cloth, chain - charme, tights - cloth, etc. (18-24 slide)
Trico-cloth is a combined single warp knitted weave in which the tights are enclosed between the frames of loops and cloth broaches. It has a movable structure, curls at the edges, and drapes well.
Charme - a chain combined single warp weave obtained by placing a chain on the front side of the charme weave. Almost no curling at the edges.
Of the combined cross-knit weaves, the most widespread in the production of outer knitted fabric is the pique weave.
Pique is a combined double cross-knit weave formed by applying an incomplete 1+1 eraser to an incomplete satin stitch. It has reduced elasticity across the width and high elasticity.
Cross-connected weaves are obtained by laying threads that differ in color, thickness, and fibrous composition on needles during the knitting process in a certain sequence. The results are multi-colored, relief and multi-hued stripes.
Plated weaves are formed on the basis of cross-warp, main and derivative weaves by simultaneously laying two or three threads on needles, differing in color and fibrous composition. When forming loops, one of the threads is located on the front side, the other on the back. The front and back sides differ not only in appearance, but also in terms of physical and mechanical properties.
Lined weaves are produced by knitting a lining thread into the ground from the wrong side. Cross-knitted and warp-knitted weaves are used as ground. The lining thread is used to form a fleece on the wrong side.
Plush weaves are made by knitting additional threads into the ground to form long strands. From these broaches a loop pile is created on the canvas. The pile can be cut or uncut, located on one or both sides of the fabric. Has increased heat-protective properties.
Weft weaves (25 slide) are produced on the basis of cross-warp weaves, between the frames and loop broaches of which additional weft threads are laid that do not form their own loops. Laying and fastening of weft threads can be: free, with wrapping around broaches of ground loops, with wrapping around the frame of loops. This thread is used to connect loop columns, to form pile, as a finishing thread to form a pattern, to reduce elongation and increase elasticity.
Incomplete weaves (26 slide) are weaves in which loop columns or individual loops are missing in some areas, resulting in an openwork patterned effect.
Openwork weaves (27 slide) are obtained by transferring individual loops to adjacent loop columns, as a result of which holes are formed in the fabric in a certain order, creating a variety of openwork drawings. These weaves are produced on the basis of cross-knitted knitted fabric.
Loin weaves (28 slide) are produced on the basis of warp weaves, in which there is no connection between some adjacent loop columns, as a result of which holes are formed on the fabric, creating various patterns similar to openwork.
Pressed (29 slide) - single or double weaves with relief or openwork patterns. They are obtained under the condition that the threads on the needles are constantly laid, and the old loops are discarded in accordance with the pattern. If all the stitches in the fabric are pressed, then it is called fang, and if the columns of pressed loops alternate with stitches of satin stitch, then they are called semi-fanged. Using press loops you can achieve a variety of colored, openwork, shading and relief effects.
Jacquard weaves (30 slide) are formed on the basis of main and production weaves of all types. The thread is laid only on those needles from which the old loop is discarded. Broaches are formed in the places where the loops were skipped. The weaves are either smooth or variegated. Thanks to the air gaps between the layers, jacquard has high heat-shielding properties.
4. Primary consolidation (5 min)
Frontal survey on new material.
List of questions:
- What is knitted fabric?
- What properties does knitted fabric have?
- The structure of knitted fabric and types of structure?
- Raw materials for making knitted fabric?
- Types of threads for making knitted fabric?
Summing up, grading (2 min)
Lesson 2. Consolidation and improvement of knowledge
Consolidation and improvement of knowledge on the topic “Knitted fabric”.
1. Organizational part (3 min)
Rules of the game:
The game lasts 45 minutes.
Work in groups of 6 people, 2 teams.
For correct option The team receives a response - a token. Tokens come in different denominations: 1, 2 and 5 points. The task will specify the maximum number of points you can earn for the correct answer.<Рисунок 1>.
Whose team raised the flag first, that team is given the right to respond first<Рисунок 2>.
If a team does not know the answer or gives the wrong answer, the right to answer passes to the opposing team.
If a team shouts out of place or answers out of turn, then the right to answer goes to the opposing team.
The game ends 10 minutes before the end of the match. In order to be able to summarize and draw conclusions.
At the end of the game there will be an award ceremony for the winners.
2. Exercise. Game "Knitted World" (35 min)
First, you need to come up with team names and a motto. Choose a team captain. On the flags that you received you need to enter the name of the team.
Task 1. Method of formation of knitted fabric
Determine the method of knitwear formation. Identical cards are given out, whose team raised the flag first, that team answers first, naming one type of weave, the next weave is called by the opposing team, and so on in turn. For the correct answer the team receives 1 point<Рисунок 3>.
Correct answers: top left - warp knitted fabric, bottom right - cross-knitted fabric.
Task 2. Types of knitted weaves
Compare the types of knitted weaves with their names. In this task, two teams are given identical cards, whose team was the first to raise the flag, that team answers first, naming one type of weave, the opposing team names the next weave, and so on in turn. For the correct answer the team receives 1 point<Рисунок 4>.
Correct answers: 1 image - purl weave, 2 image - leotard weave, 3 image - incomplete weave.
Task 3. Properties of knitted fabric
Collect words denoting the properties of knitted fabric. Identical cards are given out, whose team was the first to raise the flag, that team answers first, naming one property of the jersey, the next property is called by the opposing team, and so on in turn. For the correct answer the team receives 1 point<Рисунок 5>.
Correct answers: heat protection, drapability, extensibility, vapor permeability, wrinkle resistance.
Task 4. Answers to questions
Find answers to the questions among the letters in the table presented. Words can be broken, read from right to left, from bottom to top, but not diagonally. Highlight the found word with a pen, marker or other method<Рисунок 6>.
The teacher asks one question at a time, whoever guesses the word first and writes it into the letter field raises a flag. For a correct answer, the team receives 2 points.
- What types of knitted weaves are divided into? (main, derivative, patterned).
- Determine one of the properties of knitted fabric (drapeability)
- What threads are used in the production of knitted fabric, except artificial ones? (synthetic)
- What is the second name for cross-knitted knitwear? (cooking)
- What is the main elementary link that forms a knitted fabric? (loop)
- Determine the specific property of knitted fabric? (flowering)
Task 5. Guess the terms
Unscramble the terms and write them down. For a correct answer, the team receives 2 points.
Zoaikremstvauch, oznoeovyaanovs ierptepnele, nichaseryrutya eptepniyarle<Рисунок 7>.
Correct answers: curl, warp weave, pattern weave.
nryoizUnder two swaddling blankets, oetzhtakorin tlonopo, osyazhramtit<Рисунок 8>.
Correct answers: derivative weaves, knitted fabric, stretchability.
Task 6. Captains competition
Captains need to quickly and correctly solve the crossword puzzle without the help of the team. The captain who completes the task first receives an additional 5 points. For each word guessed, the captain receives 2 points. The captain reads out the question and answer<Рисунок 9,10>.
3. Summarizing and grading (5 min)
Our game has come to an end, time to sum up. I ask each team to register their participation on a special form.<Рисунок 11>.Count the number of points earned.
Awarding the winners with a certificate for first place<Рисунок 12>, also a thank you note for the second team<Рисунок 13>.
With the help of the game, we consolidated and generalized knowledge on the method of formation, properties, and types of weave of knitted fabric. We learned to take notes on the material and highlight the main points. Today everyone showed their best side. I will give marks for the game, the winning team “excellent”, the second place team “good”.
4. Issue homework(2 min)
This lesson development can be used for the discipline of materials science in NPO and VPO. Or in technology class in high school.
What is knitwear? Surely, there is no such person who would not have knitted items in his wardrobe. Knitwear today -
What is knitwear? Surely there is no such thinga person who would not have
wardrobe of knitted items. Knitwear on
today is one of the most
popular and favorite materials. IN
translated from French this word
means "to knit". Knitted fabric
knitted on a knitting machine by
weaving pre-created loops.
General information The Neva5 knitting machine is practically no different from other single-circuit knitting machines. Thread coming from the spool
General information Knitting machine Neva5 is practically no different from otherssingle-font knitting machines. The thread coming from the skein is tucked into the input
wire eyes of the thread feeder and is passed between the tensioner plates. After
This thread is inserted into the thread holder, and then into the wire eye on the edge of the wire
tensioner The thread used for knitting is threaded into the thread guide on the carriage and
close the latch. The thread that is not currently being used is attached under tension.
condition to a special clamp on the thread feeder stand. Toyota KS 858 is enough
a popular model of a Japanese knitting machine that appeared in our country in the early 80s. Toyota KS-858 is a convenient and reliable knitting machine with a block for
the use of punched cards, including push-button needle selection instead of a punched card,
additional openwork carriage and many accessories to make knitting easier
car. In addition, this model of knitting machine can be used as
double font knitting machine. Yarn for a knitting machine is different from yarn for
hand knitting even by the method of winding the thread into a skein. Skeins of yarn for hand knitting
can be used for a knitting machine, but they are required
rewind on a special device. Laying thread in a skein in a certain way
ensures uniform removal of thread from the skein, which guarantees uniform tension
loops in the fabric. Yarn for a knitting machine can be folded from several thin
threads into one. The yarn becomes uniform in thickness, elastic, which in the process
knitting reduces the load on the working units of the knitting machine and reduces its noise.
What is knitwear made from? Often, knitwear is made from natural threads such as cotton and wool. P
What is knitwear made from? Often knitwearare made from natural threads such as cotton and
woolen Garments made from such knitwear are of very high quality and
durable. They are hygroscopic, air- and
vapor permeable, not electrified. Synthetic fibers also
used for the production of knitted fabric, however, such
knitwear does not allow air to pass through and practically does not absorb moisture. Things
made from synthetic knitwear strongly accumulate electrostatic
charge (are electrified), which makes it necessary to use
antistatic.
Consumer properties Performance properties depend on the type of weave, the properties of the yarn (threads), and the finishing. Tensile strength.
Consumer properties Operational properties depend ontype of weave, properties of yarn (threads), and finishing. Strength at
gap Repeated tensile stress reduces durability
knitwear, and mechanical destruction may occur.
Abrasion resistance, unraveling, elasticity, shrinkage of fabrics
affect the service life and reliability of knitwear. Hygienic
properties. Knitted products should be harmless and should not
release toxic chemicals and foreign odors at any time
time of year and in any weather. Knitwear products must be
hygroscopic, which is especially important for underwear knitwear,
breathable, heat-protective. Aesthetic
properties. Knitwear must be fashionable.
The main aesthetic properties of knitted fabrics - texture,
color scheme, transparency, shine and dullness, stability
shapes during operation, drapability.
linen; upper; hosiery; glove; shawl-scarf. Knitted underwear and outerwear are sewn from knitted fabric
linen; upper; hosiery; glove; shawl -scarf Knitted underwear and outerwear are made from
knitted fabric, other types are created on a knitting machine.
High-quality linen knitwear absorbs moisture well and allows
airy, elastic, pleasant to the body, the linen fits the body. These qualities
characterized by knitwear from Ivanovo. The raw material for this material
The fabric is made of cotton and lavsan. The thread from which linen is made
flexible, a loop made of this thread retains its shape. There is also so
so-called plated fabric, the front side of which is knitted
made of silk, reverse made of cotton. Outerwear and hosiery
products intended for winter are made using thread
loose structure, used in the production of other hosiery products
denser twisted thread.
By type of raw material Homogeneous products are produced from yarn of natural fibers (cotton, wool, etc.), from yarn or threads from artificial fibers
According to the type of raw materials, homogeneous products are producedfrom yarn of natural fibers (cotton, wool and
etc.), from yarn or threads made of artificial fibers
(viscose, acetate, etc.), from yarn or threads from
synthetic fibers (nylon, nitron and
etc.) Heterogeneous - include products made from yarn
natural fibers mixed with chemicals
fibers or in combination with yarn or threads from
chemical fibers.
By type of raw material By manufacturing method Knitted - the process of making fabric or products from one or more threads by bending them
By type of raw material By manufacturing method Knitted processmanufacturing of fabric or products from one or
several threads by bending them into loops and joining
loops together using simple tools
manually (crochet hook, knitting needles, needle, fork) or
on a special machine (mechanical knitting). Knitting,
as a technique, refers to the types of weaving
products are made from knitted “coupons” given
sizes. Such products have earned (not
rolled edge on the sleeve, front, back; They
sewn together at the conjugations of the back and the front and
sleeve. Partially cut products have a large
advantage in achieving the best fit of clothing.
Combined weaves - weaves of two and
more elements with elementary links of various
forms
Men's knitwear Men's knitwear fashion also dictates its own new rules. This autumn-winter season, knitwear is at the top of its popularity.
Men's knitwear Men's fashion in knitwear also dictatesyour new rules. This autumn-winter season on
the peak of popularity are knitted jackets with zippers,
V-neck jumper with ring pattern.
Color range: muted green, soft lilac,
gray of various shades, chocolate, as well as the constant
black. An important component of the fashionable image in the autumn-winter season are knitwear accessories: hats,
hats, gloves and, of course, scarves. Scarf now
should be long, openwork, pastel colors, and
the main thing is as if he was just tied up by your grandmother:
cozy and soft.
Women's knitwear Women's knitwear - catwalk trends and rules for combining colors and textures change from the manufacturer, and knitted outfits are always
Women's knitwear Women's knitwear - from the manufacturercatwalk trends and rules for combining colors and
textures, and knitted outfits always remain
popular. Coziness, softness and comfort - these are unique
qualities of knitwear that are undoubtedly unrivaled.
Knitted items are fashion that transcends time, borders and frames.
This is style and individuality. Knitted fabrics
They are varied - wool, viscose and cotton.
The naturalness of the fibers allows the fabric to breathe and
absorb moisture. Therefore, knitted clothes are equally
Suitable for both summer and winter weather.
Knitted fabric, depending on weaving methods,
varies in density, elasticity, hygroscopicity,
breathability and heat protection.
Children's knitwear It should be noted that knitwear is an irreplaceable item in a child's wardrobe. It is difficult to dress and undress children, t
Children's knitwear It should be noted that knitwearproducts are irreplaceable items in a child's wardrobe.
It is difficult for children to dress and undress, and they also need
freedom of movement and convenience, so that nothing
interfered. Knitted clothing fits perfectly.
This makes mom's work easier when she needs to undress or dress
baby. It's no secret that children don't like to dress,
therefore, mom needs to make this process quick and
easy. It is much easier to put a comfortable one on the child
knitted clothing, which is elastic and has the property
stretch, and then acquire the original
form. In addition, it holds heat well and allows
air, does not restrict movement, the child feels comfortable in such a thing.
Quality of knitwear How to choose knitwear? When buying a knitted item, it is very important to pay attention to its quality. To do this:
Quality of knitwear How to choose knitwear? When purchasing a knitted itemIt is very important to pay attention to its quality. To do this: You need to take a good look
product. It should be elastic and keep its shape. For better inspection of the product
It is necessary to place it on a well-lit, flat surface and inspect the edges and seams.
The edges should not be stretched, and the seams should be straight, not skewed and neat.
processed, the accuracy of processing also applies to hinges and other parts. If
the product was on a hanger, it is necessary to inspect the places where the hanger and clothing touch.
They should not be stretched or frayed due to being on hangers for a long time.
The best choice of knitwear is knitwear with the addition of artificial threads.
They make the item stronger and it doesn’t stretch as much when worn. Ideal
a combination is considered to be 20-30% artificial fiber (viscose, acrylic and others), 80-70% natural (cotton, wool). Wool keeps you warm in cold weather, cotton
ideal for the hot season. The more synthetics in a piece of clothing, the more
cheaper. However, its quality is also deteriorating. It does not allow air and moisture to pass through well,
becomes electrified and pellets appear during wear. Clothing for children of this quality
not acceptable at all. Synthetic fibers combined with natural fibers
make the thing stronger, more pleasant to the body, and increase the service life of the product. In clothes for
for children, it is ideal if the knitwear is made entirely of cotton thread (composition 100%
cotton), seams and labels should not be rough, the product should not fade when washed,
Children's clothing should be soft and elastic.
Marking Finished knitted products are marked indicating their quality and size. Ethics is used for marking knitted products
Marking Finished knitwearlabeled indicating their quality and size.
Used for marking knitted products
labels, fabric or knitted tapes;
hosiery can also
be marked by applying paint to products with
special paper. The labels indicate
the following data: trademark; Name
and location of the enterprise; article number;
variety, size and height (product length); number
standard and technical specifications for the product; date
release (month, year); color fastness (for
outerwear and underwear); retail price.
Packaging Knitted products are packaged in primary and secondary packaging and in containers for transportation. Primary packaging of products is
Packaging Knitted products are packaged in primary andsecondary packaging and containers for transportation.
The primary packaging of products is paper envelopes,
cellophane, polyethylene. Knitted products from
chemical fibers (combinations, shirts, men's and
children's top shirts, blouses, shirtfronts, stockings
products) are pre-folded on inserts made of
cardboard or thick paper. Packed in envelopes
the products are packed tightly into boxes, which are then
sealed with tape. On the lid of the box or on its end
stick a label. Boxes are placed in transport
packaging - wooden or cardboard boxes on which
in printed font indicate the number of the packing list,
gross weight in kilograms and packing date.
Storage Finished knitted products must be stored in clean, dry, well-ventilated areas with relative humidity around
Storage of finished knitwearmust be stored in clean, dry, well
ventilated areas with relative
air humidity not more than 65%. Redundant
moisture causes fibers to rot and
mold formation, and excessive dryness causes
fragility of fibers. Products must be protected
from dust, direct sunlight, which
cause the destruction of dyes. Woolen
Knitted products must be protected from moths.
Trade and technological process Textile goods (fabrics and non-woven materials and products made from them), knitwear, clothing
Trade and technological process Textile goods (fabrics and non-wovenmaterials and products made from them), knitwear, sewing goods (clothing,
underwear, hats), fur products and shoes before being delivered to the sales floor
must undergo pre-sale training, which includes: unpacking,
sorting and inspection of goods; checking the quality of goods (by external
characteristics) and the availability of the necessary information about the product and its manufacturer;
if necessary, cleaning and ironing of products and their minor repairs.
Products offered for sale must be grouped by type,
models, sizes, heights and displayed in the sales area. Taking into account
of trade features, samples can be displayed in the sales area
goods offered for sale, for which the buyer is provided
the ability to select and purchase the goods he needs. Goods must have
labels indicating their name, article, price, size (for
clothes, linen and other garments, shoes, hats) and height (for
clothing and linen), the type of fur and its color (for clothing, hats and
fur collars)
Children's and teenagers' clothing stores
YULAIK presents in its stores clothing for newborns, children and adolescents aged 0 to 16 years. In our assortment you will find models from world famous brands FOX (Israel) and Knot so bad (Belgium), Dirkje (Holland) and assortment from Russian manufacturers. The combination of collections from world brands and Russian manufacturers allows us to most fully present the entire range from rompers to warm winter jackets.
FOX has been developing fashion collections since 1948 and is a leading online retailer of youth and children's fashion in Israel and represents its brand in Australia, Singapore, Panama, Germany, Italy, Thailand, China, Bulgaria, Romania and Russia. FOX - high-quality, fashionable and functional models: for babies from 0 to 2 years; children from 2 to 8 years old; for teenagers from 8 to 16 years old Combination of practicality and functionality! Children's and teenagers' clothing
KNOT so BAD belongs to the Belgian company Carodel NV, which has been operating on the European market since 1986. KNOT so BAD presents a wide range of models for children and adolescents from 0 to 16 years. KNOT so BAD offers 2 seasonal collections. Each season presents 3 age collections: Newborns up to 18 months; Girls and boys of nursery and preschool age from 2 to 8 years; Girls and boys of primary and high school groups from 8 to 16 years old Today KNOT so BAD is a recognizable, sought-after brand in the world of children's fashion. Distribution is carried out in 26 countries around the world. KNOT so BAD clothing meets the requirements of the Russian climate: features of hot summer, frosty winter and windy off-season are taken into account in the KNOT so BAD collections. Quality keeps up with the times!
Clothes for children and newborns DIRKJE - Dutch high-quality and fashion clothes for children and newborns! The collections are available in cm (DIRKJE) and cm (D.J. KIDSWEAR) sizes and are distinguished by a wide variety of styles and models and a good price-quality ratio. DIRKJE is a successful and beloved brand in Europe and Russia, thanks to the combination of style and quality. The styles are designed taking into account the structural features of the children's body. For convenience, the models are supplemented with elastic inserts, cuffs and fasteners, allowing the models to be fixed on babies in a comfortable position. Style from birth!
Equipment – from 3 thousand rubles. per 1 sq. meter from 50 sq. m. - store area No entrance fee and royalties Several brands in one store Full range of goods from 0 to 16 years old Choice of store format for any age: children, teenagers 1. The area of your store is from 50 sq.m. A smaller store area is discussed individually 2. Your store will present an assortment of several brands known on the world market 3. The store format depends on your target audience. You can open a store for children from 0 to 7 years old, from 7 to 16 years old, from 0 to 16 years old. We can offer you an assortment for children of any age 4. Full assortment range: pajamas, jeans, knitwear, warm jackets etc. 5. Work with deferred payment (bank factoring) under the following conditions: purchases from rubles; work of the organization from 6 months to 1 year with positive financial results 6. We offer an economical option for equipment! Your store will be attractive due to high-quality items, a wide range and bright design! 7.You don’t need to pay royalties or lump sum fees Deferred payment for 60 days (factoring)
We will help you throughout the entire process! We undertake the functions of supporting the franchisee’s business from the moment the decision is made to open a store! Assessing the correct location of the future store and approving its opening Calculation of capital investments and profitability of the project Development of a design project, retail equipment, store lighting Priority provision of product range Advertising support and provision of information and promotional materials necessary for opening a store Visit of company specialists to the opening of the store Training of store personnel merchandising technologies Consultations on order formation Consultations on all business processes related to the operation of the store Monitoring compliance with branded trade standards Work on pre-orders and from a free warehouse Design project free of charge Merchandiser's visit Assistance in assortment formation Advertising materials
Our partner Entrepreneur or organization with a solid financial status Convenient location of the premises (shopping street, shopping center) Availability of own or long-term leased retail space, depending on the population of the city Availability of free financial resources necessary for the costs of opening a concept store, in accordance with branded store standards Compliance of the store with the requirements of corporate identity, equipment, interior Fulfillment of planned volumes of turnover and long-term plan development
“Household washing machines” - Front-loading machines. Production of a new household appliance. Ergonomic properties. Activator washing machine. Manufacturer. Spin. Performance characteristics. Main types washing machines. Classification of washing machines. Spinning clothes. Washing efficiency. Two types of automatic machines.
“Building an apron pattern” - Types of clothing. Symbol. Workwear. Taking measurements. Rules. Learn how to correctly measure a person's figure. Calculation of the apron design. Measuring the human figure. Measuring a person's figure and recording measurements to construct a drawing. Drawing of an apron and scarf. Types of clothing according to purpose. Measurements for constructing a drawing of an apron.
“Characteristics of clothing” - Mannequins. Allowances for a loose fit. Basic concepts about clothing and its functions. Characteristics of a unified method of clothing design. Clothes are divided into groups based on gender and age. Characteristics of external form. Special clothing is designed to protect a person. A unified basic design diagram.
“Classification of clothing” - Sanitary clothing. Household clothing. For special occasions. Outerwear. Summer clothes. Classification of clothing. Requirements. Clothing to protect the worker. Children's clothing. Casual wear. Modern clothes. Uniform. Women's clothing. Men's clothing. Winter clothes. Products that can be worn on the shoulders.
“Appliqués on clothes” - The purpose of the lesson. A few recommendations. Basics of color harmony. Clothes repair using applique. Puzzle. Warm colors. Animals, plants, transport. Task: make a sketch of the application. Applications. Sequence of work execution. The sequence of repairing clothes with darning.
“Processing the apron” - Baste the side allowances at a distance of 3 mm from the fold. Processing the upper side sections of the apron (action algorithm). Stitch the seam allowances (together with the waistband details) at a distance of 1-2 mm. Processing the side cuts of the lower part of the apron. Remove the SVN, bend the belt parts to the sides from the middle of the apron. The seams of the belt parts should be directed downwards.
There are a total of 47 presentations in the topic
